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Chapter 2: Q.42E (page 124)

Use the periodic table to give the name and symbol for each of the following elements:

(a) the halogen in the same period as the alkali metal with 11 protons

(b) the alkaline earth metal in the same period with the neutral noble gas with 18 electrons

(c) the noble gas in the same row as an isotope with 30 neutrons and 25 protons

(d) the noble gas in the same period as gold

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) Name 鈥� Chlorine, Symbol 鈥� Cl

(b) Name 鈥� Magnesium, Symbol 鈥� Mg and Name 鈥� Argon, Symbol 鈥� Ar

(c) Name 鈥� Krypton, Symbol - Kr

(d) Name 鈥� Radon, Symbol - Rn

Step by step solution

01

Identify the halogen element

Number of protons = atomic number. The alkali metal with 11 protons is sodium. It is placed in the 3rd period of the periodic table. If you notice the periodic table, you will find that the Halogen element present in the 3rd period is chlorine. Thus, the element is chlorine, whose symbol is Cl.

02

Identify alkaline earth metal and noble gas element

In the periodic table, Group 鈥� 2 elements are called alkaline earth metals, and Group 18 elements are called Noble gases. So, in the 3rd period, the Group 2 element is Magnesium, and the Group 18 element is Argon. Thus, the Alkaline Earth metal is Magnesium (symbol- Mg), and the Noble gas element is Argon (symbol 鈥� Ar).

03

Identify the noble gas

The number of protonscorresponds to the atomicnumber. So, 25 protons correspond to the element Manganese (Mn), with 30 neutrons. It is in the 4th period in the periodic table, and the noble gas in the same row is Krypton.Thus, the element is Krypton (symbol 鈥� Kr)

04

Identify the noble gas

The atomic number of Gold (Au) is 79. It is placed in the 6th period and 11th rowin the periodictable.Thus, the noble gas element is Radon (Symbol 鈥� Rn).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Determine the empirical formulas for the following compounds.

a. acetic acid, C2H4O2

b. citric acid, C6H8O7

c. hydrazine, N2H4

d. nicotine, C10H14N2

e. butane, C4H10

For each of the following compounds, state whether it is ionic or covalent, and if it is ionic, write the symbols for the ions involved:

  1. \(KCl{O_4}\)
  2. \(Mg{\left( {{C_2}{H_3}{O_2}} \right)_2}\)
  3. \({H_2}S\)
  4. \(A{g_2}S\)
  5. \({N_2}C{l_4}\)
  6. \(Co{\left( {N{O_3}} \right)_2}\)

Click on the site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetAtomMass) and select the 鈥淢ix Isotopes鈥� tab, hide the 鈥淧ercent Composition鈥� and 鈥淎verage Atomic Mass鈥� boxes, and then select the element boron.

(a) Write the symbols of the isotopes of boron that are shown as naturally occurring in significant amounts.

(b) Predict the relative amounts (percentages) of these boron isotopes found in nature. Explain the reasoning behind your choice.

(c) Add isotopes to the black box to make a mixture that matches your prediction in (b). You may drag isotopes fromtheir bins or click on 鈥淢ore鈥� and then move the sliders to the appropriate amounts.

(d) Reveal the 鈥淧ercent Composition鈥� and 鈥淎verage Atomic Mass鈥� boxes. How well does your mixture match withyour prediction? If necessary, adjust the isotope amounts to match your prediction.

(e) Select 鈥淣ature鈥檚鈥� mix of isotopes and compare it to your prediction. How well does your prediction comparewith the naturally occurring mixture? Explain. If necessary, adjust your amounts to make them match 鈥淣ature鈥檚鈥漚mounts as closely as possible.

Use the periodic table to give the name and symbol for each of the following elements:

(a) The Nobel gas in the same period as Germanium.

(b) The Alkaline earth metal in the same period as selenium.

(c) The Halogen in the same period as lithium.

(d) The Chalcogen in the same period as cadmium.

In what way are isotopes of a given element always different? In what way(s) are they always the same?
See all solutions

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