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Chapter 14: Q14.3-49 E (page 830)

What two common assumptions can simplify calculation of equilibrium concentrations in a solution of a weak acid?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The two common assumptions that could simplify the calculation of equilibrium concentrations in a solution of a weak acid are \(\begin{aligned}{c_0}\left( {{H^ + }} \right) = 0\\\Delta c(HA) = 0\\\end{aligned}\)

Step by step solution

01

Equilibrium concentration

An equilibrium concentration is the sum of an initial concentration and the change derived from a reaction stoichiometry.

02

Assumption

The two common assumptions that could simplify the calculation of equilibrium concentrations in a weak acid solution are as follows:

  • The first one is the starting concentration of \({{\bf{H}}^ + }\)ions, which is equal to zero. This is a good assumption as the starting concentration of \({{\bf{H}}^ + }\)ions \(({10^{ - 7}}M\)in pure water) is much lower than the concentration change as a result of the acid ionization.
  • The second common assumption is the concentration change of the acid molecule, which is equal to zero. This is again a good assumption as such a small number of acid molecules ionize and the acid molecule concentration remains practically the same.

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