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Chapter 14: Q14.3-30 E (page 829)
Household ammonia is a solution of the weak base\(N{H_3}\) in water. List, in order of descending concentration, all of the ionic and molecular species present in a 1-M aqueous solution of this base.
Descending order of concentration as \({H_2}O > N{H_3} > NH_4^ + = O{H^ - } > {H^ + }\)
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What are amphiprotic species? Illustrate with suitable equations.
Question: Write equations that show \(N{H_3}\) as both a conjugate acid and a conjugate base.
Are the concentrations of hydronium ion and hydroxide ion in a solution of an acid or a base in water directly proportional or inversely proportional? Explain your answer.
Is the self ionization of water endothermic or exothermic? The ionization constant for water \(\left( {{K_W}} \right)\)is 2.9* \({10^{ - 14}}\)at \({40^ \circ }{\rm{C}}\)and 9.3 x \({10^{ - 14}}\)at \({60^ \circ }{\rm{C}}\)
Identify and label the Br酶nsted-Lowry acid, its conjugate base, the Br酶nsted-Lowry base, and its conjugate acid in each of the following equations:
\({\rm{\;(a)\;NO}}_2^ - + {{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}} \to {\rm{HN}}{{\rm{O}}_2} + {\rm{O}}{{\rm{H}}^ - }\).
\({\rm{\;(b)\;HBr}} + {{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}} \to {{\rm{H}}_3}{{\rm{O}}^ + } + {\rm{B}}{{\rm{r}}^ - }\)
\({\rm{\;(c)\;H}}{{\rm{S}}^ - } + {{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}} \to {{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{S}} + {\rm{O}}{{\rm{H}}^ - }\)
\({\rm{\;(d)\;}}{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{PO}}_4^ - + {\rm{O}}{{\rm{H}}^ - } \to {\rm{HP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}^{2 - } + {{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}\)
\({\rm{\;(e)\;}}{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{PO}}_4^ - + {\rm{HCl}} \to {{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{P}}{{\rm{O}}_4} + {\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}^ - }\)
\({\rm{\;(f)\;}}{\left( {{\rm{Fe}}{{\left( {{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}} \right)}_5}({\rm{OH}})} \right)^{2 + }} + {\left( {{\rm{Al}}{{\left( {{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}} \right)}_6}} \right)^{3 + }} \to {\left( {{\rm{Fe}}{{\left( {{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}} \right)}_6}} \right)^{3 + }} + {\left( {{\rm{Al}}{{\left( {{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}} \right)}_5}({\rm{OH}})} \right)^{2 + }}\)
\({\rm{\;(g)\;C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{OH}} + {{\rm{H}}^ - } \to {\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{{\rm{O}}^ - } + {{\rm{H}}_2}\)
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