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Chapter 4: 4.8 P (page 178)

Why are some covalent compounds soluble in water and others are not?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The covalent compounds which do not contain any polar bonds are insoluble in water. Covalent compounds which contain polar bonds are soluble in water.

Step by step solution

01

Define the Covalent compounds

Covalent compounds are formed by covalent bonding between two or more atoms.A covalent bond between two atoms is formed by the equal sharing of electrons from both atoms. The pair of electrons which participates in bonding is called a shared pair or bonding pair. The sharing of electrons can be done between the same kind of atoms or between different kinds of atoms.

02

Determine the solubility of covalent compounds in water

Covalent compounds do not dissociate into ions as ionic compound does but some covalent compound contain polar bonds in their molecules due to which they become soluble in water like sugar, alcohol, etc. butmost of the covalent compounds which do not contain any polar bonds are insoluble in water like benzene, octane, etc.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Iron reacts rapidly with chlorine gas to form a reddish brown, ionic compound (A), which contains iron in the higher of its two common oxidation states. Strong heating decomposes compound A to compound B, another ionic compound, which contains iron in the lower of its two oxidation states. When compound A is formed by the reaction of 50.6 g of Fe and 83.8 g of Cl2 and then heated, how much compound B forms?

To study a marine organism, a biologist prepares a 1.00-kg sample to simulate the ion concentrations in seawater. She mixes 26.5 g of NaCl, 2.40 g of MgCl2, 3.35 g of MgSO4, 1.20 g of CaCl2, 1.05 g of KCl, 0.315 g of NaHCO3, and 0.098 g of NaBr in distilled water.

(a) If the density of the solution is 1.025 g/cm3, what is the molarity of each ion?

(b) What is the total molarity of alkali metal ions?

(c) What is the total molarity of alkaline earth metal ions?

(d) What is the total molarity of anions?

Balance each of the following redox reactions and classify it as a combination, decomposition, or displacement reaction:

(a)Sb(s)+Cl2(g)鈫�SbCl3(s)

(b)AsH3(g)鈫�As(s)+H2(g)

(c)Zn(s)+Fe(NO3)2(aq)鈫�Zn(NO3)2(aq)+Fe(s)

Nitric acid, a major industrial and laboratory acid, is produced commercially by the multistep Ostwald process, which begins with the oxidation of ammonia:

Step 1.4NH3(g)+5O2(g)鈫�4NO(g)+6H2O(l)

Step 2. 2NO(g)+O2(g)鈫�2NO2(g)

Step 3. 3NO2(g)+H2O(l)鈫�2HNO3(l)+NO(g)

(a) What are the oxidizing and reducing agents in each step?

(b) Assuming 100% yield in each step, what mass (in kg) of ammonia must be used to produce 3.0 X104 kg of HNO3?

In which of the following equations does sulfuric acid act as an oxidizing agent? In which does it act as an acid? Explain.

(a)4H+(aq)+SO42-(aq)+2NaI(s)鈫�2Na+(aq)+I2(s)+SO2(g)+2H2O(l)(b)BaF2(s)+2H+(aq)+SO42-(aq)鈫�2HF(aq)+BaSO4(s)
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