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Chapter 3: Q161CP (page 139)

Cocaine (C17H21O4N) is a natural substance found in coca leaves, which have been used for centuries as a local anesthetic and stimulant. Illegal cocaine arrives in the United States either as the pure compound or as the hydrochloride salt (C17H21O4NHCl). At 25oC, the salt is very soluble in water (2.50 kg/L), but cocaine is much less so (1.70 g/L). (a) What is the maximum amount (in g) of the salt that can dissolve in 50.0 mL of water? (b) If the solution in part (a) is treated with NaOH, the salt is converted to cocaine. How much additional water (in L) is needed to dissolve it?

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. The maximum amount of the salt is 125 g C17H21O4NHCl.
  2. There are 65.6 L H2Oneed to dissolve additionally.

Step by step solution

01

Calculating the maximum amount of salt

The mass of salt can be denoted as,

Massofsalt=50脳10-3L脳2.5脳103gL=125gC17H21O4NHCI

02

Calculating the additional volume of water

The mass can be denoted as,

MassofC17H21O4N=125gsalt脳1molsalt339.8gsalt脳1molC17H21O4N1molsalt脳303.35gC17H21O4N1molC17H21O4NMassofC17H21O4N=111.59gC17H21O4N

On multiply this mass by reciprocal of cocaine鈥檚 density to find final volume,

Volumeofsolution=11.59gC17H21O4N脳1L1.7gC17H21O4N=65.64L

To find the additional volume of water added,

Additionalvolumeofwater=65.64L-50脳10-3L=65.59Additionalvolumeofwater鈮�65.6LH2O

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