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Chapter 3: 3.117 CP (page 136)

In 1961, scientists agreed that the atomic mass unit (amu) would be defined as 1/12 the mass of an atom of 12C. Before then, it was defined as 1/16 the average mass of an atom of naturally occurring oxygen (a mixture of 16O, 17O, and 18O). The current atomic mass of oxygen is 15.9994 amu. (a) Did Avogadro鈥檚 number change after the definition of an amu changed and, if so, in what direction? (b) Did the definition of the mole change? (c) Did the mass of a mole of a substance change? (d) Before 1961, was Avogadro鈥檚 number 6.02脳1023 (when considered to three significant figures), as it is today?

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. Avogadro鈥檚 number will become smaller.
  2. Yes, it changed.
  3. Yes, it changed.

No, it is different

Step by step solution

01

Checking the change of Avogadro’s number

The mass in old scale would be,

mold(C12)=16amu.12鈥�amu15.9994鈥�amumold(C12)=12.00045鈥�amu

In old system,

12.00045鈥�g.6.0221409.1023entities12鈥�g=6.0223668.1023entities6.0223668.1023entities6.0221409.1023entities.100%=100.0037512%

02

Definition of mole change

There is a change in Avogrado鈥檚 number, the mole also changed. Yes, it is changed

03

Change in mass of mole of substance

Yes, it is changed due to the mole number.

04

Old Avogrado’s number

The old Avogadro鈥檚 number was 3脳10-4 bigger.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Lead(II) chromate (PbCrO4) is used as the yellow pigment in traffic lanes, but is banned from house paint because of the risk of lead poisoning. It is produced from chromite (FeCr2O4), an ore of chromium:

4FeCr2O4(S)+8K2CO3(aq)+7O2(g)鈫�2Fe2O3(s)+8K2CrO4(aq)+8CO2(g)

Lead(II) ion then replaces the K+ ion. If a yellow paint is 0.511% PbCrO4 by mass, how many grams of chromite are needed per kilogram of paint?

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C7H6O3(S)+(CH3CO)2O(I)鈫�C9H8O4(S)+CH3COOH(I)

In one reaction, 3.077 g of salicylic acid and 5.50 mL of acetic anhydride react to form 3.281 g of aspirin. (a) Which is the limiting reactant (d of acetic anhydride = 1.080 g/mL)? (b) What is the percent yield of this reaction? (c) What is the percent atom economy of this reaction?

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2CH3CH2OH(I)鈫�CH3CH2OCH3CH2(I)+H2O(g)

In a side reaction, some ethanol forms ethylene and water:

CH3CH2OH(I)鈫�CH2=CH2(g)+H2O(g)

(a) If 50.0 g of ethanol yields 35.9 g of diethyl ether, what is the percent yield of diethyl ether? (b) During the process, 45.0% of the ethanol that did not produce diethyl ether reacts by the side reaction. What mass of ethylene is produced?
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