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Chapter 15: Q15.6P (page 678)

What is the range of oxidation states for carbon? Name a compound in which carbon has its highest oxidation state and one in which it has its lowest.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The answer is,

The range of oxidation state is -4 to +4.

Methane (-4) and Carbon dioxide (+4).

Step by step solution

01

 Oxidation state

The oxidation state is the number of charges present on the atom in a compound. It is a hypothetical concept to assign charges to atoms in a compound only if all the bonds in the atom are completely ionic. It gives the knowledge of the degree of oxidation of that atom in the particular compound.

02

Explanation

Carbon is a tetravalent compound with varying oxidation states from -4 to +4. Methane is a compound with a carbon oxidation state of -4, and carbon dioxide has a carbon oxidation state of +4.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Some of the most useful compounds for organic synthesis are Grignard reagents (general formula , where X is a halogen), which are made by combining an alkyl halide, , with. They are used to change the carbon skeleton of a starting carbonyl compound in a reaction similar to that with :

(a) What is the product, after a final step with water, of the reaction between ethanal and the Grignard reagent of bromobenzene?

(b) What is the product, after a final step with water, of the reaction between 2-butanone and the Grignard reagent of 2-bromopropane?

(c) There are often two (or more) combinations of Grignard reagent and carbonyl compound that will give the same product. Choose another pair of reactants to give the product in (a).

(d) What 卤OH group at the end of the carbon chain?

(e) What Grignard carbonyl compound must react with a Grignard reagent to yield a product with the reagent and carbonyl compound would you use to prepare 2-methyl-2-butanol?

Protein shapes are maintained by a variety of forces that arise from interactions between the amino-acid R groups. Name the amino acid that possesses each R group and the force that could arise in each of the following interactions:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Carbon bonds to many elements other than itself.(a) Name six elements that commonly bond to carbon in inorganic compounds. (b) Which of these elements are heteroatoms?(c) Which of these elements are more electronegative than carbon? Less electronegative?(d) How does bonding of carbon to heteroatoms increase the number of organic compounds?

Determine the type of each of the reactions:

Draw the R group of (a) alanine; (b) histidine; (c) methionine.
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