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Chapter 9: Q9.62P (page 375)

Use Figure 9.20, p. 364, to indicate the polarity of each bond with partial charges

(a) Br-Cl

(b) F-Cl

(c) H-O

(d) Se-H

(e) As-H

(f) S-N.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Polarity is the division of electric charge into negatively and positively charged ends in a molecule or its chemical groups, which produces an electric dipole moment.

Step by step solution

01

Polarity and Electronegativity

As the difference in electronegativity widens, the electron distribution becomes more polarised and the partial charges of the atoms rise accordingly.

02

Polarity of each bond with partial charges 

(a) Br 鈫� Cl

(b) F 鈫� Cl

(c) H 鈫� O

(d) Se 鈫� H

(e) As 鈫� H

(f) S 鈫� N

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Most popular questions from this chapter

carbon- carbon bonds form the 鈥渂ackbone鈥� of nearly every organic and biological molecule. The average bond energy of the C-C bond is 347kJ/mol. Calculate the frequency and wavelength of the least energetic photon that can break an average C-C bond. In what region of the electromagnetic spectrum is this radiation?

Is the H-O bond in water nonpolar covalent, polar-covalent, or ionic? Define each term, and explain your choice.

By using photons of specific wavelengths, chemists can dissociate gaseous Hi to produce H atoms at certain speeds. When HI dissociates, the H atoms move away rapidly. Whereas the heavier I atoms move away more slowly.

  1. What is the longest wavelength (in nm) that can dissociate a molecule of HI?
  2. If a photon of 254 nm is used, what is the excess energy (in J) over that needed for dissociation?
  3. If the excess energy is carried away by the H atom as kinetic energy, what is the speed (in m/s)?

The average C-H bond energy in CH4 is 415kJ/mol. Use table 9.2(p. 353) and the following to calculate the average C-H bond energy in ethane(C2H6;C-C bond), in ethene (C2H4;C=C bond), and ethyne (C2H2;C鈮�C):

C2H6(g)+H2(g)鈫�2CH4(g)鈥勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌�螖贬o=-65.07kJ/molC2H4(g)+2H2(g)鈫�2CH4(g)鈥勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌�螖贬o=-202kJ/molC2H2(g)+3H2(g)鈫�2CH4(g)鈥勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌勨赌�螖贬o=-376.74kJ/mol

Rank the members of each set of compounds in order of increasing the ionic character of their bonds. Use polar arrows to indicate the bond polarity of each:

(a) HBr, HCl, HI

(b) H2O, CH4 , HF

(c) SCI2 , PCI3 , SiCI4
See all solutions

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