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Chapter 9: Q58P (page 375)

Using the periodic table only, arrange the elements in each set in order of increasing EN: (a) I, Br, N; (b) Ca, H, F

Short Answer

Expert verified

Electronegativity is defined as an atom's proclivity to attract the shared pair of electrons between the bonded atoms.

Step by step solution

01

Electronegativity between I, Br, N

N is in the second period, Br is in the fourth period, and 'I' is in the fifth period in the given elements. As a result, the atomic size increases from N to Iodine. As the atomic radius increases, so decreases electronegativity.

I<Br<N

02

Increasing order of Electronegativity between Ca, H, F

H is in the first period, F is in the second period, and Ca is in the third period in the given elements. As a result, the atomic size increases from N to Iodine. As the atomic radius increases, so decreases electronegativity.

Ca<F<H

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Most popular questions from this chapter

By using photons of specific wavelengths, chemists can dissociate gaseous Hi to produce H atoms at certain speeds. When HI dissociates, the H atoms move away rapidly. Whereas the heavier I atoms move away more slowly.

  1. What is the longest wavelength (in nm) that can dissociate a molecule of HI?
  2. If a photon of 254 nm is used, what is the excess energy (in J) over that needed for dissociation?
  3. If the excess energy is carried away by the H atom as kinetic energy, what is the speed (in m/s)?

Acetylene gas (ethyne; HC鈮H) burns in an oxyacetylene torch to produce carbon dioxide and water vapour. The heat of reaction for the combustion of acetylene is 1259 kJ/mol.

(a) Calculate the C鈮 bond energy, and compare your value with that in Table 9.2, p. 353.

(b) When 500.0 g of acetylene burns, how many kilojoules of heat are given off?

(c) How many grams ofCO2form?

(d) How many litres of O2at 298 K and 18.0 atm are consumed?

There are two main types of covalent bond breakage. In homolytic breakage, each atom in the bond gets one of the shared electrons. In some cases, the electronegativity of adjacent atoms affects the bond energy. In heterolytic breakage, one atom gets both electrons and the other gets none; thus, a cation and an anion form.

a) Why is C-C bond in H3C-CF3 (423kJ/mol) stronger than that in H3C-CH3

(376kJ/mol)?

b) use bond energy and any other data to calculate the heat of reaction for the heterolytic cleavage ofO2 .

carbon- carbon bonds form the 鈥渂ackbone鈥� of nearly every organic and biological molecule. The average bond energy of the C-C bond is 347kJ/mol. Calculate the frequency and wavelength of the least energetic photon that can break an average C-C bond. In what region of the electromagnetic spectrum is this radiation?

Using the periodic table only, arrange the elements in each set-in order of increasing EN:

(a) S, O, Si;

(b) Mg, P, As.
See all solutions

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