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Chapter 16: Q52P (page 731)

What is the central idea of collision theory? How does this idea explain the effect of concentration on reaction rate?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The central idea of collision theory is that reactant molecules must collide with each other in order to react. Thus, the total number of collisions per unit of time predicts the rate of a reaction. Further, this theory explains that the reaction rate depends upon the product of the concentrations of the reactants.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1: What is the central idea of collision theory?

Collision theory is a mathematical model for predicting the speeds of chemical reactions, especially in gases. The collision hypothesis assumes that for a reaction to occur, the reacting species (atoms or molecules) must come together or collide with one another.

02

How does this idea explain the effect of concentration on reaction rate?

The core principle of collision theory is that reactant molecules must collide with one another to react. As a result, the pace of response is predicted by the total number of collisions per unit of time. This theory also explains that the product of the reactant concentrations determines the reaction rate.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question:Many drugs decompose in blood by a first-order process.

(a) Two tablets of aspirin supply 0.60 g of the active compound. After 30 min, this compound reaches a maximum concentration of 2 mg/100 mL of blood. If the half-life for its breakdown is 90 min, what is its concentration (in mg/100 mL) 2.5 h after it reaches its maximum concentration?

(b) For the decomposition of an antibiotic in a person with a normal temperature (98.6掳F),k=3.1脳10-5s-1; for a person with a fever at 101.9掳F, k=3.9脳10-5s-1. If the person with the fever must take another pill when of the first pill has decomposed, how many hours should she wait to take a second pill? A third pill? (Assume the pill is effective immediately.)

(c) Calculate Ea for decomposition of the antibiotic in part (b).

Reaction rate is expressed in terms of changes in the concentration of reactants and products. Write a balanced equation for

Rate=鈭�12螖[N2O5]螖t=14螖[NO2]螖t=螖[O2]螖t

How does an increase in temperature affect the rate of a reaction? Explain the two factors involved.

For the reaction A2+B2鈫�2AB, Eafwd=125kJ/moland Earev=85kJ/mol. Assuming the reaction occurs in one step,

(a) Draw a reaction energy diagram;

(b) Calculate role="math" localid="1663350265727" 鈭�H0r脳n; and

(c) Sketch a possible transition state.

For the reaction , sketch two curves on the same set of axes that show (a) The formation of product as a function of time(b) The consumption of reactant as a function of time
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