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For the reaction A2+B2→2AB, Eafwd=125kJ/moland Earev=85kJ/mol. Assuming the reaction occurs in one step,

(a) Draw a reaction energy diagram;

(b) Calculate role="math" localid="1663350265727" ∆H0r×n; and

(c) Sketch a possible transition state.

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) A reaction energy diagram is

Reaction Energy Diagram

(b) the ∆H0r×nis equal to 40 kJ/mol.

(c) A transition represents the weakening of old bonds (A-A) and (B-B) along with the formation of new bonds (A-B). Draw the transition state for the reaction:

Step by step solution

01

Step 1: Draw a reaction energy diagram

Since the reaction is endothermic, the products’ energy will be higher than that of the reactants. Draw the reaction's energy diagram:

02

Step 2: Calculate  ∆H0r×n

Determine the ∆H0r×n as follows:

∆H0r×n=Eafwd-Earev=125kJ/mol-85kJ/mol=40kJ/mol

Thus, it ∆H0r×nis equal to 40 kJ/mol.

03

Step 3: Sketch a possible transition state

A transition represents the weakening of old bonds (A-A) and (B-B) along with the formation of a new bond (A-B). Draw the transition state for the reaction:

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The decomposition of NOBr is studied manometrically because the number of moles of gas changes; it cannot be studied colorimetrically because both NOBr and Br2 are reddish-brown:

2NOBr(g)→2NO(g)+Br2(g)

Use the data below to answer the following:

(a) Determine the average rate over the entire experiment.

(b) Determine the average rate between 2.00 and 4.00 s.

(c) Use graphical methods to estimate the initial reaction rate.

(d) Use graphical methods to estimate the rate at 7.00 s.

(e) At what time does the instantaneous rate equal the average rate over the entire experiment?

Time (s)

[NOBr] (mol/L)

0.00

0.0100

2.00

0.0071

4.00

0.0055

6.00

0.0045

8.00

0.0038

10.00

0.0033

How does an increase in temperature affect the rate of a reaction? Explain the two factors involved.

Question:Many drugs decompose in blood by a first-order process.

(a) Two tablets of aspirin supply 0.60 g of the active compound. After 30 min, this compound reaches a maximum concentration of 2 mg/100 mL of blood. If the half-life for its breakdown is 90 min, what is its concentration (in mg/100 mL) 2.5 h after it reaches its maximum concentration?

(b) For the decomposition of an antibiotic in a person with a normal temperature (98.6°F),k=3.1×10-5s-1; for a person with a fever at 101.9°F, k=3.9×10-5s-1. If the person with the fever must take another pill when of the first pill has decomposed, how many hours should she wait to take a second pill? A third pill? (Assume the pill is effective immediately.)

(c) Calculate Ea for decomposition of the antibiotic in part (b).

What is the central idea of collision theory? How does this idea explain the effect of concentration on reaction rate?

Explain why the coefficients of an elementary step equal the reaction orders of its rate law but those of an overall reaction do not.

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