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Chapter 21: Q21.1P (page 972)

Define oxidation and reduction in terms of electron transfer and change in oxidation number.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The oxidation number of an atom grows as it loses electrons during oxidation, while the oxidation number decreases as it gets electrons during reduction.

Step by step solution

01

 Define oxidation and reduction in terms of electron transfer

The loss of an electron is referred to as oxidation, while the gain of an electron is referred to as reduction. When an atom loses electrons during oxidation, its oxidation number grows, but when it gains electrons during reduction, the oxidation number decreases.

02

Determining the change in oxidation number

The oxidation number of an atom grows as it loses electrons during oxidation, while the oxidation number decreases as it gets electrons during reduction.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Calcium is obtained industrially by electrolysis of moltenCaCl2and is used in aluminium alloys. How many coulombs are needed to produce 10.0 gof Cametal? If a cell runs at 15 A, how many minutes will it take to produce 10.0 gof Ca(s)?

Commercial electrolytic cells for producing aluminium operate at5.0 Vand100,000 A.

(a) How long does it take to produce exactly 1metric ton (1000 kg) of aluminium?

(b) How much electrical power (in kilowatt-hours,kW路h) is used [1 W = 1 J/s;1 kW路h = 3.6脳103KJ]?

(c) If electricity costs0.90perkW路hand cell efficiency is90%, what is the cost of electricity to produce exactly1 lbof aluminium?

Consider the following balanced redox reaction:

16H+(aq)+2MnO4-+(aq)+10Cl-(aq)鈫�2Mn2++(aq)+5Cl2(g)+8H2O(l)

(a) Which species is being oxidized?

(b) Which species is being reduced?

(c) Which species is the oxidizing agent?

(d) Which species is the reducing agent?

(e) From which species to which does electron transfer occur?

(f) Write the balanced molecular equation, with K+andSO42-as the spectator ions.

Consider the following balanced redox reaction:

2CrO2-(aq)+2H2O(l)+6ClO-(aq)鈫�2CrO42-(aq)+3Cl2(g)+4OH-(aq)

(a) Which species is being oxidized?

(b) Which species is being reduced?

(c) Which species is the oxidizing agent?

(d) Which species is the reducing agent?

(e) From which species to which does electron transfer occur?

(f) Write the balanced molecular equation, with the spectator ion.

How does over voltage in铿倁ence the products in the electrolysis of aqueous salts?

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