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Chapter 21: Problem 10

Give the symbol for (a) a proton, (b) a beta particle, (c) a positron.

Short Answer

Expert verified
\( (a) p^+ \text{ or } p, (b) \beta^- \text{ or } e^-, \beta^+ \text{ or } e^+, (c) e^+ \text{ or } \beta^+ \)

Step by step solution

01

(a) Symbol for a Proton

A proton is a subatomic particle with a positive charge. The symbol for a proton is denoted by \(p^+\) or simply \(p\).
02

(b) Symbol for a Beta Particle

A beta particle can be either a high-energy electron or a high-energy positron. Therefore, there are two types of beta particles: 1. Beta-minus (\(\beta^-\)) particle: This is a high-energy electron and is denoted as \(e^-\) or simply as \(\beta^-\). 2. Beta-plus (\(\beta^+\)) particle: This is a high-energy positron and is denoted as \(e^+\) or simply as \(\beta^+\).
03

(c) Symbol for a Positron

A positron is a subatomic particle with a positive charge and is the antiparticle of the electron. The symbol for a positron is denoted by \(e^+\) or, in the context of a beta particle, \(\beta^+\).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Draw a diagram similar to thatshownin Exercise \(21.2\) that illustrates the nuclear reaction \({ }_{83}^{211} \mathrm{Bi} \longrightarrow{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He}+{ }_{81}^{207} \mathrm{~T}\). \([\) Section 21.2]

Indicate the number of protons and neutrons in the following nuclei: (a) \({ }_{25}^{55} \mathrm{Mn}\), (b) \({ }^{201} \mathrm{Hg}\), (c) potassium-39.

A free neutron is unstable and decays into a proton with a half-life of \(10.4\) min. (a) What other particle forms? (b) Why don't neutrons in atomic nuclei decay at the same rate?

One of the nuclides in each of the following pairs is radioactive. Predict which is radioactive and which is stable: (a) \({ }_{19}^{39} \mathrm{~K}\) and \({ }_{19}^{40} \mathrm{~K},(\mathrm{~b})^{209} \mathrm{Bi}\) and \({ }^{208} \mathrm{Bi}\), (c) nickel-58 and nickel-65. Explain.

Radon-222 decays to a stable nucleus by a series of three alpha emissions and two beta emissions. What is the stable nucleus that is formed?
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