Chapter 1: Problem 51
By using estimation techniques, arrange these items in order from shortest to longest: a \(57-\mathrm{cm}\) length of string, a 14 -in. long shoe, and a \(1.1-\mathrm{m}\) length of pipe.
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Chapter 1: Problem 51
By using estimation techniques, arrange these items in order from shortest to longest: a \(57-\mathrm{cm}\) length of string, a 14 -in. long shoe, and a \(1.1-\mathrm{m}\) length of pipe.
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A solid white substance \(\mathrm{A}\) is heated strongly in the absence of air. It decomposes to form a new white substance \(\mathrm{B}\) and a gas \(\mathrm{C}\) The gas has exactly the same properties as the product obtained when carbon is burned in an excess of oxygen. Based on these observations, can we determine whether solids \(\mathrm{A}\) and \(\mathrm{B}\) and the gas \(\mathrm{C}\) are elements or compounds? Explain your conclusions for each substance.
In 2006, Professor Galen Suppes, from the University of Missouri-Columbia, was awarded a Presidential Green Challenge Award for his system of converting glycerin, \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{5}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}\), a by-product of biodiesel production, to propylene glycol, \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{6}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\). Propylene glycol produced in this way will be cheap enough to replace the more toxic ethylene glycol that is the primary ingredient in automobile antifreeze. (a) If \(50.0\) mL of propylene glycol has a mass of \(51.80 \mathrm{~g}\), what is its density? (b) To obtain the same antifreeze protection requires \(76 \mathrm{~g}\) of propylene glycol to replace each \(62 \mathrm{~g}\) of ethylene glycol. Calculate the mass of propylene glycol required to replace \(1.00\) gal of ethylene glycol. The density of ethylene glycol is \(1.12 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mL}\). (c) Calculate the volume of propylene glycol, in gallons, needed to produce the same antifreeze protection as \(1.00\) gallon of ethylene glycol.
Small spheres of equal mass are made of lead (density \(=11.3 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\) ), silver \(\left(10.5 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\right)\), and aluminum \(\left(2.70 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\right)\). Without doing a calculation, list the spheres in order from the smallest to the largest.
Label each of the following as either a physical process or a chemical process: (a) corrosion of aluminum metal, (b) melting of ice, (c) pulverizing an aspirin, (d) digesting a candy bar, (e) explosion of nitroglycerin.
(a) Classify each of the following as a pure substance, a solution, or a heterogeneous mixture: a gold coin, a cup of coffee, a wood plank. (b) What ambiguities are there in answering part (a) from the descriptions given?
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