91Ó°ÊÓ

There are two ethylheptanes (compounds with a seven-carbon chain and one ethyl substituent). Draw the structures, and name these compounds. Is either isomer chiral?

Among the 18 structural isomers with the formula \(\mathrm{C}_{8} \mathrm{H}_{18}\) are two with a five-carbon chain having one ethyl and one methyl substituent group. Draw their structures, and name these two isomers.

List several typical physical properties of \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{10}\) Predict the following physical properties of dodecane, \(\mathrm{C}_{12} \mathrm{H}_{26}:\) color, state \((\mathrm{s}, \ell, \mathrm{g}),\) solubility in water, solubility in a nonpolar solvent.

Write balanced equations for the following reactions of alkanes. (a) The reaction of methane with excess chlorine. (b) Complete combustion of cyclohexane, \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12}\) with excess oxygen.

Draw structures for the cis and trans isomers of 4 -methyl-2-hexene.

What structural requirement is necessary for an alkene to have cis and trans isomers? Can cis and trans isomers exist for an alkane? For an alkyne?

A hydrocarbon with the formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{10}\) can be either an alkene or a cycloalkane. (a) Draw a structure for each of the six isomers possible for \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{10},\) assuming it is an alkene. Give the systematic name of each isomer. (b) Draw a structure for a cycloalkane having the formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{10}\)

Five alkenes have the formula \(\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{14}\) and a sevencarbon chain. Draw their structures and name them.

Draw the structure and give the systematic name for the products of the following reactions: (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{CH}_{2}+\mathrm{Br}_{2} \rightarrow\) (b) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{CHCH}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \rightarrow\)

The compound 2,3 -dibromo- 2 -methylhexane is formed by addition of \(\mathrm{Br}_{2}\) to an alkene. Identify the alkene, and write an equation for this reaction.