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Chapter 17: Problem 39

Write the corresponding section of mRNA produced from the following section of DNA template strand: C C G A A G G T T C A C

Short Answer

Expert verified
G G C U U C C A A G U G

Step by step solution

01

Understand DNA to mRNA Transcription

During transcription, the DNA template strand is used to produce an mRNA strand. Complementary RNA nucleotides pair with the DNA nucleotides: Adenine (A) pairs with Uracil (U), Thymine (T) pairs with Adenine (A), Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G), and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C).
02

Identify Complementary RNA Nucleotides

For each nucleotide in the DNA template strand, find its complementary mRNA nucleotide. The DNA strand given is C C G A A G G T T C A C.- C pairs with G- C pairs with G- G pairs with C- A pairs with U- A pairs with U- G pairs with C- G pairs with C- T pairs with A- T pairs with A- C pairs with G- A pairs with U- C pairs with G
03

Write the mRNA Sequence

Combine the complementary nucleotides you identified in Step 2 to write the mRNA sequence produced from the DNA template strand.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Transcription
Transcription is the first step in gene expression. It involves copying a segment of DNA into mRNA. This process occurs in the cell nucleus. The enzyme RNA polymerase plays a key role in transcription. It binds to the DNA at the promoter region and unwinds the DNA strands. This creates a single-stranded template. Only one of the DNA strands, called the template strand, is used to make mRNA. Transcription ensures that the genetic information is transferred from DNA to RNA.
Complementary Nucleotide Pairing
Complementary nucleotide pairing is essential during transcription. Each DNA nucleotide pairs with a specific RNA nucleotide:
  • Adenine (A) pairs with Uracil (U) in RNA.
  • Thymine (T) pairs with Adenine (A).
  • Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).
  • Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C).
These pairings ensure accurate copying of the genetic information. The rules of complementary base pairing are critical for the fidelity of genetic expression. They prevent errors in the mRNA sequence, which can affect protein synthesis.
mRNA Synthesis
mRNA synthesis takes place during transcription. RNA polymerase reads the DNA template strand and builds the mRNA molecule. The mRNA strand grows as RNA nucleotides are added. Each nucleotide is matched to its complementary DNA partner. The process continues until the RNA polymerase reaches a terminator sequence. This sequence signals the end of transcription. The newly formed mRNA strand then detaches from the DNA. This strand carries the genetic information needed for protein synthesis.
DNA Template Strand
The DNA template strand is one of the two DNA strands used during transcription. It serves as a guide for RNA polymerase. The enzyme reads the template strand and synthesizes a complementary mRNA strand. The sequence of the DNA template strand determines the sequence of the mRNA. For example, if the DNA template strand is CCG AAG GTT CAC, the mRNA sequence will be:
  • C 鈫� G
  • C 鈫� G
  • G 鈫� C
  • A 鈫� U
  • A 鈫� U
  • G 鈫� C
  • G 鈫� C
  • T 鈫� A
  • T鈫� A
  • C 鈫� G
  • A 鈫� U
  • C 鈫� G
So, the resulting mRNA sequence is GGCUUCCAAGUG. The DNA template strand is essential for accurate mRNA synthesis.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Identify each of the following bases as a purine or a pyrimidine: a. Uracil (U) b. Guanine (G)

If the DNA double helix in humans contains \(20 \%\) cytosine. what is the percentage of guanine, adenine, and thymine? (17.3)

Write the complementary base sequence for each of the following DNA segments: (17.3) a. G A C T T A G G C b. TG C A A A C T A G C T c. A T C G A T C G A T C G

Identify the base and sugar in each of the following: (17.1) a. AMP b. dCMP c. dGMP d. GMP

A point mutation changes a codon in the mRNA for an enzyme from GCC to GCA. Why is there no change in the amino acid order in the protein? b. In sickle-cell anemia, a point mutation in the mRNA for hemoglobin results in the replacement of glutamate with valine in the resulting hemoglobin molecule. Why does the replacement of one amino acid cause such a drastic change in biological function?
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