/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 16 Identify the acids and bases in ... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 15: Problem 16

Identify the acids and bases in the following reactions: a. \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{N}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell) \rightleftharpoons\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{NH}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{OH}^{-}(a q)\) b. \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}(a q)\) c. \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{COH}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}(a q) \rightleftharpoons\) \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{COH}_{2}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell)\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Question: Identify the acids and bases in each of the following reactions: a) \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{N}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(\ell) \rightleftharpoons\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3}\mathrm{NH}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{OH}^{-}(a q)\) b) \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}(a q)\) c) \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{COH}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}(a q) \rightleftharpoons\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{COH}_{2}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(\ell)\) Answer: a) Base: \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{N}\), Acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\) b) Base: \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\), Acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) c) Base: \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{COH}\), Acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\)

Step by step solution

01

1. Reaction a:

In this reaction, we have: \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{N}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(\ell) \rightleftharpoons\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3}\mathrm{NH}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{OH}^{-}(a q)\) By comparing the reactants and products, we can see that \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{N}\) gains a proton (\(\mathrm{H}^{+}\)) and turns into \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3}\mathrm{NH}^{+}\). So, \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{N}\) is acting as a base in this reaction. On the other hand, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) loses a proton to become \(\mathrm{OH}^{-}\). Thus, water is acting as an acid in this reaction.
02

2. Reaction b:

In this reaction, we have: \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}(a q)\) By comparing the reactants and products, we can see that \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) gains a proton (\(\mathrm{H}^{+}\)) and turns into \(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}\). So, \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) is acting as a base in this reaction. On the other hand, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) donates a proton to become \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\). Thus, water is acting as an acid in this reaction.
03

3. Reaction c:

In this reaction, we have: \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{COH}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}(a q) \rightleftharpoons\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{COH}_{2}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(\ell)\) By comparing the reactants and products, we can see that \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{COH}\) gains a proton (\(\mathrm{H}^{+}\)) to become \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{COH}_{2}^{+}\). So, \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{COH}\) is acting as a base in this reaction. On the other hand, \(\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}\) donates a proton and turns into \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\). Thus, \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\) is acting as an acid in this reaction.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

What is the concentration of \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\) ions in \(0.65 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HNO}_{3} ?\)

The \(K_{\mathrm{a}}\) of proline is \(2.5 \times 10^{-11}\) in water, \(2.8 \times 10^{-11}\) in an aqueous solution that is \(28 \%\) ethanol, and \(1.66 \times 10^{-8}\) in aqueous formaldehyde at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) a. In which solvent is proline the strongest acid? b. Rank these compounds on the basis of their strengths as Bronsted-Lowry bases: water, ethanol, and formaldehyde.

When methylamine, \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{NH}_{2},\) dissolves in water, the resulting solution is slightly basic. Which compound is the Bronsted-Lowry acid and which is the base?

Early Antiseptic The use of phenol, also known as carbolic acid, was pioneered in the 19 th century by Sir Joseph Lister (after whom Listerine was named) as an antiseptic in surgery. Its formula is \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}\) (the red hydrogen atom is ionizable). Write the mass action expression for the acid ionization equilibrium of phenol.

Calculate the \(\mathrm{pH}\) and \(\mathrm{pOH}\) of solutions with the following \(\left[\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\right]\) or \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]\) values. Indicate which solutions are acidic, basic, or neutral. a. \(\left[\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\right]=5.3 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{M}\) b. \(\left[\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\right]=3.8 \times 10^{-9} \mathrm{M}\) c. \(\left[\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\right]=7.2 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{M}\) d. \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]=1.0 \times 10^{-14} \mathrm{M}\)
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.