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Chapter 8: Problem 14

Does a Lewis structure tell which electrons come from which atoms? Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified
A Lewis structure does not indicate which electrons come from which atoms. It is a graphical representation that focuses on showing the distribution of valence electrons and the arrangement of atoms in a molecule, rather than identifying the origin of the electrons.

Step by step solution

01

Understand Lewis structures

A Lewis structure is a simplified, graphical representation of a molecule's chemical bonding. It is used to show how the valence electrons (the electrons in an atom's outermost shell) are distributed among the atoms in a molecule. The main elements of a Lewis structure are atoms' symbols, bonds (lines), and lone pairs (dots). One pair of shared electrons between two atoms is called a single bond (represented by a single line), two pairs will form a double bond (represented by two lines), and three pairs form a triple bond (represented by three lines).
02

Determine electrons' origin in Lewis structures

In a Lewis structure, the electrons involved in the bonding are represented by dots or lines connecting the atoms. However, once they are shared between the atoms to form bonds, it becomes impossible to distinguish which electrons come from which atoms. The purpose of a Lewis structure is to show the distribution of valence electrons and the arrangement of atoms in a molecule, rather than identifying the origin of the electrons.
03

Conclusion

A Lewis structure does not tell which electrons come from which atoms. It is a simplified representation of a molecule's chemical bonding that shows electron distribution among the atoms, but it does not differentiate the electrons based on their origin.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Use the following standard enthalpies of formation to estimate the \(\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{H}\) bond energy in ammonia: \(\mathrm{N}(\mathrm{g}), 472.7 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol} ; \mathrm{H}(\mathrm{g})\), \(216.0 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol} ; \mathrm{NH}_{3}(g),-46.1 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}\). Compare your value to the one in Table \(8.4\).

What is the electronegativity trend? Where does hydrogen fit into the electronegativity trend for the other elements in the periodic table?

Describe the type of bonding that exists in the \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(g)\) molecule. How does this type of bonding differ from that found in the HCl( \(g\) ) molecule? How is it similar?

Some of the important pollutants in the atmosphere are ozone \(\left(\mathrm{O}_{3}\right)\), sulfur dioxide, and sulfur trioxide. Write Lewis structures for these three molecules. Show all resonance structures where applicable.

Calcium carbonate \(\left(\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}\right)\) shells are used by many different types of animals to form protective coverings (including mollusks and bivalves, corals, and snails). Draw the Lewis structures for \(\mathrm{CaCO}_{3} .\) Be sure to include formal charges and any important resonance structures.
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