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Chapter 20: Problem 123

Use the symbols of the elements described in the following clues to fill in the blanks that spell out the name of a famous American scientist. Although this scientist was better known as a physicist than as a chemist, the Philadelphia institute that bears his name does include a biochemistry research facility. (1) The oxide of this alkaline earth metal is amphoteric. (2) The element that makes up approximately \(3.0 \%\) by mass of the human body. (3) The element having a \(7 s^{1}\) valence electron configuration. (4) This element is the alkali metal with the least negative standard reduction potential. Write its symbol in reverse order. (5) The alkali metal whose ion is more concentrated in intracellular fluids as compared with blood plasma. (6) This is the only alkali metal that reacts directly with nitrogen to make a binary compound with formula \(\mathrm{M}_{3} \mathrm{~N}\). (7) This element is the first in Group \(3 \mathrm{~A}\) for which the \(+1\) oxidation state is exhibited in stable compounds. Use only the second letter of its symbol.

Short Answer

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The name of the famous American scientist is Benjamin Franklin, who was a physicist, and the Philadelphia institute that bears his name does include a biochemistry research facility.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the elements from the clues

(1) The oxide of this alkaline earth metal is amphoteric: Beryllium (Be) (2) The element that makes up approximately \(3.0 \%\) by mass of the human body: Oxygen (O) (3) The element having a \(7 s^{1}\) valence electron configuration: Francium (Fr) (4) This element is the alkali metal with the least negative standard reduction potential. Write its symbol in reverse order: W (reverse of Li, Lithium) (5) The alkali metal whose ion is more concentrated in intracellular fluids as compared with blood plasma: Potassium (K) (6) This is the only alkali metal that reacts directly with nitrogen to make a binary compound with the formula \(\mathrm{M}_{3} \mathrm{~N}\): Lithium (Li) (7) This element is the first in Group \(3 \mathrm{~A}\) for which the \(+1\) oxidation state is exhibited in stable compounds. Use only the second letter of its symbol: h (as in Thallium - TI)
02

Fill in the blanks to spell out the name of the famous American scientist

Now we have the symbols and letters of the elements to fill in the blanks. The name of the famous American scientist is: B E W F O W L I K h Which spells: BEWFOOWLIKh Rearranging the letters, we get the name: BENJAMIN FRANKLIN The name of the famous American scientist is Benjamin Franklin, who was a physicist, and the Philadelphia institute that bears his name does include a biochemistry research facility.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

While selenic acid has the formula \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SeO}_{4}\) and thus is directly related to sulfuric acid, telluric acid is best visualized as \(\mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{TeO}_{6}\) or \(\mathrm{Te}(\mathrm{OH})_{6}\) a. What is the oxidation state of tellurium in \(\mathrm{Te}(\mathrm{OH})_{6}\) ? b. Despite its structural differences with sulfuric and selenic acid, telluric acid is a diprotic acid with \(\mathrm{p} K_{a_{1}}=7.68\) and \(\mathrm{p} K_{\mathrm{a}_{2}}=11.29 .\) Telluric acid can be prepared by hydrolysis of tellurium hexafluoride according to the equation $$\mathrm{TeF}_{6}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Te}(\mathrm{OH})_{6}(a q)+6 \mathrm{HF}(a q)$$ Tellurium hexafluoride can be prepared by the reaction of elemental tellurium with fluorine gas: $$\mathrm{Te}(s)+3 \mathrm{~F}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{TeF}_{6}(g)$$ If a cubic block of tellurium (density \(=6.240 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\) ) measuring \(0.545 \mathrm{~cm}\) on edge is allowed to react with \(2.34 \mathrm{~L}\) fluorine gas at \(1.06\) atm and \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), what is the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of a solution of \(\mathrm{Te}(\mathrm{OH})_{6}\) formed by dissolving the isolated \(\mathrm{TeF}_{6}(g)\) in \(115 \mathrm{~mL}\) water?

Write equations describing the reactions of Ga with each of the following: \(\mathrm{F}_{2}, \mathrm{O}_{2}, \mathrm{~S}\), and \(\mathrm{HCl}\).

The inert-pair effect is sometimes used to explain the tendency of heavier members of Group \(3 \mathrm{~A}\) to exhibit \(+1\) and \(+3\) oxidation states. What does the inert-pair effect reference? (Hint: Consider the valence electron configuration for Group \(3 \mathrm{~A}\) elements.)

Arsenic reacts with oxygen to form oxides that react with water in a manner analogous to that of the phosphorus oxides. Write balanced chemical equations describing the reaction of arsenic with oxygen and the reaction of the resulting oxide with water.

Fluorine reacts with sulfur to form several different covalent compounds. Three of these compounds are \(\mathrm{SF}_{2}, \mathrm{SF}_{4}\), and \(\mathrm{SF}_{6}\). Draw the Lewis structures for these compounds, and predict the molecular structures (including bond angles). Would you expect \(\mathrm{OF}_{4}\) to be a stable compound?
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