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Chapter 9: Problem 31

What is the chemical name of bleaching powder? How is it prepared?

Short Answer

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Answer: The chemical name of bleaching powder is Calcium Oxychloride (CaOCl鈧�). It is prepared through a chemical reaction between Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)鈧�) and Chlorine gas (Cl鈧�). First, Calcium Hydroxide is formed by adding water to Calcium oxide. Then, Chlorine gas is prepared through the electrolysis of a solution of sodium chloride. Finally, Calcium Hydroxide and Chlorine gas are mixed, resulting in the formation of bleaching powder and water.

Step by step solution

01

Chemical Name of Bleaching Powder

The chemical name of bleaching powder is Calcium Oxychloride (CaOCl鈧�).
02

Preparation of Bleaching Powder

Bleaching powder is prepared through a chemical reaction between Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)鈧�) and Chlorine gas (Cl鈧�). Here, we explain the step-by-step preparation process of bleaching power. Step 1: Formation of Calcium Hydroxide Calcium hydroxide is formed by adding water (H鈧侽) to Calcium oxide (CaO). CaO + H鈧侽 鈫� Ca(OH)鈧� Step 2: Preparation of Chlorine gas Chlorine gas can be prepared through the electrolysis of a solution of sodium chloride (NaCl). Step 3: Reacting Calcium Hydroxide with Chlorine gas Now, we have the formation of Calcium Hydroxide and Chlorine gas. Mixing Calcium Hydroxide in the presence of an excess amount of Chlorine gas will result in the formation of bleaching powder and water. Ca(OH)鈧� + 2Cl鈧� 鈫� CaOCl鈧� + 2H鈧侽 This is the preparation process of bleaching powder through a chemical reaction.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Calcium Oxychloride
Bleaching powder is commonly known as Calcium Oxychloride, which has a chemical formula of \( \text{CaOCl}_2 \). This compound is widely used for disinfecting water, as well as bleaching cotton and linen in the textile industry. It appears as a white powder with a strong chlorine odor. Calcium oxychloride is valued for its ability to release chlorine upon contact with water, making it an effective disinfectant and bleaching agent. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in hygiene and sanitation in both domestic and industrial settings.
Chemical Reaction
The formation of bleaching powder involves a chemical reaction between calcium hydroxide and chlorine gas. This reaction is essential to produce calcium oxychloride, which is the main active ingredient. The reaction can be summarized as:
\[\text{Ca(OH)}_2 + 2\text{Cl}_2 \rightarrow \text{CaOCl}_2 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \]
This specific reaction highlights how two different substances鈥攖he solid calcium hydroxide and gaseous chlorine鈥攊nteract to form a new product. Each component plays a vital role, where calcium hydroxide acts as a base and chlorine as a reactant that provides bleaching properties.
Electrolysis
Chlorine gas, a key ingredient in the preparation of bleaching powder, is often produced through a process known as electrolysis. This technique involves passing an electrical current through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (common salt).
When the current is applied, chloride ions are oxidized at the anode to produce chlorine gas:
\[2\text{Cl}^- \rightarrow \text{Cl}_2 + 2e^-\]
This method is not only efficient but also allows for the large-scale production of chlorine, crucial for various industrial applications. The understanding of electrolysis is vital in grasping how basic chemical principles are applied to obtain necessary components for chemical reactions.
Calcium Hydroxide
Calcium hydroxide, also known as slaked lime, is a key reactant in the preparation of bleaching powder. It is formed by the reaction of calcium oxide with water:
\[\text{CaO} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{Ca(OH)}_2\]
Calcium hydroxide is a white powdery substance that dissolves slightly in water. It is not only used in producing bleaching powder but also finds applications in soil stabilization, water treatment, and as a pH modifier in various industries. The preparation of calcium hydroxide is straightforward yet fundamental in the reactive process that forms calcium oxychloride, showcasing the importance of basic chemical reactions in industrial applications.

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