/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 14 Classify each of the following s... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 1: Problem 14

Classify each of the following substances as an element or a compound: (a) hydrogen, (b) water, (c) gold, (d) sugar.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Element, (b) Compound, (c) Element, (d) Compound.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Difference

An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. A compound is a substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion.
02

Classify Hydrogen

Hydrogen is a gas found on the periodic table with the atomic number 1. It is composed of only one type of atom, which categorizes it as an element.
03

Classify Water

Water is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, chemically combined in the formula \( H_2O \). This makes it a compound.
04

Classify Gold

Gold is a pure substance found on the periodic table with the atomic number 79. It consists of only one type of atom, classifying it as an element.
05

Classify Sugar

Sugar, such as sucrose, is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a chemical formula \( C_{12}H_{22}O_{11} \). It is therefore a compound.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Element
An element is one of the simplest substances in chemistry. It consists of only one type of atom and cannot be broken down into anything simpler by any chemical means. You will find elements arranged in the periodic table, where they are organized by increasing atomic number. Each element has unique properties, like its own symbol and atomic structure. Examples include hydrogen, which is the lightest element, and gold, known for its high density and glossy appearance. Understanding elements is crucial because they are the building blocks of all matter around us.
Compound
A compound is a substance formed when two or more different elements join together chemically. When the atoms of these elements bond, they create a substance with its own unique characteristics, different from the individual elements it contains. For example, water is a compound made of hydrogen and oxygen. Compounds always have a fixed proportion of elements, represented by chemical formulas, such as the formula for water, \( H_2O \). Compounds are everywhere, from the sugar you sweeten your tea with, to the carbon dioxide you exhale.
Atomic Number
The atomic number of an element is a fundamental concept in chemistry. It is the total number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom of the element. Since each element has a unique number of protons, the atomic number uniquely identifies it on the periodic table. For instance, hydrogen's atomic number is 1, which means it has one proton, while gold's atomic number is 79, indicating it has 79 protons. The atomic number not only determines the position of an element on the periodic table but also influences the element's chemical properties.
Chemical Formula
Chemical formulas are essential for representing compounds. They show us what elements are in a compound and in what proportion. A chemical formula uses element symbols and numerical subscripts to convey this information. For example, the chemical formula for water \( H_2O \) indicates two hydrogen atoms for every oxygen atom within each water molecule. Similarly, sugar, or sucrose, is represented by the complex formula \( C_{12}H_{22}O_{11} \), showing it consists of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Understanding these formulas is key to grasping how compounds are structured.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Classify the following as qualitative or quantitative statements, giving your reasons. (a) The sun is approximately 93 million mi from Earth. (b) Leonardo da Vinci was a better painter than Michelangelo. (c) Ice is less dense than water. (d) Butter tastes better than margarine. (e) A stitch in time saves nine.

Which of the following statements describe physical properties and which describe chemical properties? (a) Iron has a tendency to rust. (b) Rainwater in industrialized regions tends to be acidic. (c) Hemoglobin molecules have a red color. (d) When a glass of water is left out in the sun, the water gradually disappears. (e) Carbon dioxide in air is converted to more complex molecules by plants during photosynthesis.

The natural abundances of elements in the human body, expressed as percent by mass, are oxygen (O), 65 percent; carbon (C), 18 percent; hydrogen (H), 10 percent; nitrogen \((\mathrm{N}), 3\) percent; calcium (Ca), 1.6 percent; phosphorus (P), 1.2 percent; all other elements, 1.2 percent. Calculate the mass in grams of each element in the body of a \(62-\mathrm{kg}\) person.

TUMS is a popular remedy for acid indigestion. A typical TUMS tablet contains calcium carbonate plus some inert substances. When ingested, it reacts with the gastric juice (hydrochloric acid) in the stomach to give off carbon dioxide gas. When a 1.328 -g tablet reacted with \(40.00 \mathrm{~mL}\) of hydrochloric acid (density \(=1.140 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mL}\) ), carbon dioxide gas was given off and the resulting solution weighed \(46.699 \mathrm{~g}\). Calculate the number of liters of carbon dioxide gas released if its density is \(1.81 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{L}\).

Calculate the mass of each of the following: (a) a sphere of gold with a radius of \(10.0 \mathrm{~cm}\) (volume of a sphere with a radius \(r\) is \(V=4 / 3 \pi r^{3} ;\) density of gold \(=19.3 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\) ), (b) a cube of platinum of edge length \(0.040 \mathrm{~mm}\) \(\left(\right.\) density \(\left.=21.4 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\right)\), (c) \(50.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of ethanol \((\) density \(=0.798 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mL})\).
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.