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Chapter 8: Problem 14

Does a Lewis structure tell which electrons come from which atoms? Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified
No, a Lewis structure does not tell which electrons come from which atoms. It mainly represents the bonding and electron distribution around the atoms to satisfy the octet or duet rule for each atom, without specifying the electron's origin.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Lewis Structures

To answer this question, let's first understand what Lewis structures are and what information they provide. Lewis structures are used to represent chemical species, including individual atoms, ions, and molecules, by showing the valence electrons involved in bonding or as lone pairs. In Lewis structures, shared electron pairs are shown as lines connecting atoms, and unshared electron pairs (lone pairs) are represented as small dots around the atoms.
02

Analyzing Electron Distribution in Lewis Structures

When drawing a Lewis structure, the goal is to distribute electrons in such a way that each atom has a stable configuration, which usually corresponds to a complete octet for most elements (except for Hydrogen, which only needs a duet). This stable configuration is achieved through the sharing or transferring of electrons. However, when two atoms share electrons, the Lewis structure does not specify which electrons come from which atom. Instead, the shared electrons are depicted as a bond between the atoms.
03

Electron Origin in Lewis Structures

When we draw a Lewis structure, we do not consider from which atom the electrons come from. We focus on the bonding and arrangement of the electrons around the atoms to satisfy the octet rule or the duet rule for Hydrogen. Therefore, the Lewis structures do not specify from which atom the electrons come from. In conclusion,
04

Does Lewis Structure Tell Which Electrons Come from Which Atoms?

No, a Lewis structure does not tell which electrons come from which atoms. Instead, it provides information about the bonding and electron distribution around the atoms to satisfy the octet or duet rule for each atom.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A compound, \(\mathrm{XF}_{5},\) is 42.81\(\%\) fluorine by mass. Identify the element \(\mathrm{X}\) . What is the molecular structure of \(\mathrm{XF}_{5} ?\)

Use bond energy values (Table 8.5\()\) to estimate \(\Delta H\) for each of the following reactions in the gas phase. a. \(\mathrm{H}_{2}+\mathrm{Cl}_{2} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{HCl}\) b. \(\mathrm{N} \equiv \mathrm{N}+3 \mathrm{H}_{2} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{NH}_{3}\)

When molten sulfur reacts with chlorine gas, a vile-smelling orange liquid forms that has an empirical formula of SCl. The structure of this compound has a formal charge of zero on all elements in the compound. Draw the Lewis structure for the vile-smelling orange liquid.

Think of forming an ionic compound as three steps (this is a simplification, as with all models): (1) removing an electron from the metal; (2) adding an electron to the nonmetal; and (3) allowing the metal cation and nonmetal anion to come together. a. What is the sign of the energy change for each of these three processes? b. In general, what is the sign of the sum of the first two processes? Use examples to support your answer. c. What must be the sign of the sum of the three processes? d. Given your answer to part c, why do ionic bonds occur? e. Given your above explanations, why is NaCl stable but not \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{Cl} ? \mathrm{NaCl}_{2} ?\) What about MgO compared to \(\mathrm{MgO}_{2} ? \mathrm{Mg}_{2} \mathrm{O} ?\)

Draw a Lewis structure for the \(N, N\) -dimethylformamide molecule. The skeletal structure is Various types of evidence lead to the conclusion that there is some double bond character to the C-N bond. Draw one or more resonance structures that support this observation.
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