/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 8 What is the vapor pressure of wa... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 10: Problem 8

What is the vapor pressure of water at \(100^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\) How do you know?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The vapor pressure of water at 100掳C is approximately 758.3 mmHg. This value is obtained using the Antoine equation and the given constants for water, which relates the vapor pressure to temperature. At this temperature, water molecules have enough energy to escape into the vapor phase, and the vapor pressure is close to the standard atmospheric pressure, which is why water boils at 100掳C.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Vapor Pressure

Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phase (liquid or solid) at a given temperature in a closed system. In simple terms, it is the pressure at which liquid and vapor phase can coexist at a given temperature. The vapor pressure of a substance depends on its temperature: as the temperature increases, the vapor pressure increases.
02

Using a Vapor Pressure Table or Formula

To find the vapor pressure of water at 100掳C (373.15 K), we can either consult a vapor pressure table for water or use the Antoine equation, which is a common empirical formula used to estimate vapor pressure. In this solution, we will use the Antoine Equation, given as: \(log_{10}P = A - \frac{B}{C + T}\) where: - P is the vapor pressure (in mmHg), - T is the temperature (in Celsius), - A, B, and C are constants specific to each substance. For water, A=8.07131, B=1730.63, and C=233.426.
03

Calculation

Now, we will use the Antoine equation with the given constants for water and the temperature (100掳C) to calculate the vapor pressure: \(log_{10}P = 8.07131 - \frac{1730.63}{233.426 + 100}\) \(log_{10}P = 8.07131 - \frac{1730.63}{333.426}\) \(log_{10}P = 8.07131 - 5.1958\) \(log_{10}P = 2.87551\) Now, to find the vapor pressure, we raise 10 to the power of the result: \(P = 10^{2.87551}\) \(P \approx 758.3\ mmHg\)
04

Interpreting the Result

The vapor pressure of water at 100掳C is approximately 758.3 mmHg. This means that at 100掳C, water molecules in the liquid phase have enough energy to escape into the vapor phase, and the pressure exerted by the water vapor is 758.3 mmHg. This value also confirms our knowledge that water boils at 100掳C at standard atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg), as the vapor pressure of water is very close to the atmospheric pressure at this temperature.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

The molar heat of fusion of sodium metal is 2.60 kJ/mol,whereas its heat of vaporization is 97.0 kJ/mol. a. Why is the heat of vaporization so much larger than the heat of fusion? b. What quantity of heat would be needed to melt 1.00 g sodium at its normal melting point? c. What quantity of heat would be needed to vaporize 1.00 g sodium at its normal boiling point? d. What quantity of heat would be evolved if 1.00 g sodium vapor condensed at its normal boiling point

Consider the following melting point data: Account for the trends in melting points in terms of interparticle forces

The memory metal, nitinol, is an alloy of nickel and titanium. It is called a memory metal because after being deformed, a piece of nitinol wire will return to its original shape. The structure of nitinol consists of a simple cubic array of Ni atoms and an inner penetrating simple cubic array of Ti atoms. In the extended lattice, a Ti atom is found at the center of a cube of Ni atoms; the reverse is also true. a. Describe the unit cell for nitinol. b. What is the empirical formula of nitinol? c. What are the coordination numbers (number of nearest neighbors) of Ni and Ti in nitinol?

Barium has a body-centered cubic structure. If the atomic radius of barium is 222 \(\mathrm{pm}\) , calculate the density of solid barium.

Which of the following statements is (are) true? a. LiF will have a higher vapor pressure at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) than \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{S}\) . b. HF will have a lower vapor pressure at \(-50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) than \(\mathrm{HBr}\) . c. \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) will have a higher boiling point than Ar. d. HCl is more soluble in water than in \(\mathrm{CCl}_{4}\) e. \(\mathrm{MgO}\) will have a higher vapor pressure at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) than \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\) .
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.