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Chapter 1: Problem 115

Which of the following statements is(are) true? a. A spoonful of sugar is a mixture. b. Only elements are pure substances. c. Air is a mixture of gases. d. Gasoline is a pure substance. e. Compounds can be broken down only by chemical means.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct statements are: c. Air is a mixture of gases. e. Compounds can be broken down only by chemical means.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the terms

First, let's get familiar with the terms: 1. Mixture: A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined and can be separated by physical means. 2. Element: A pure substance consisting of only one type of atom. 3. Pure substance: A material with a constant composition, either an element or a compound. 4. Compound: A pure substance formed when two or more different elements combine chemically.
02

Analyze each statement

Now, let's analyze each statement based on the definitions above: a. A spoonful of sugar is a mixture. - Sugar is a compound (sucrose) made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. A spoonful of sugar contains only sugar molecules, so it is not a mixture but a pure substance. b. Only elements are pure substances. - This statement is false because compounds are also pure substances, as they have a constant composition. c. Air is a mixture of gases. - Air is a combination of different gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide, which are not chemically combined. So, it is a mixture. d. Gasoline is a pure substance. - Gasoline is a mixture of various hydrocarbon compounds, and its composition may vary. Thus, it is not a pure substance. e. Compounds can be broken down only by chemical means. - Compounds are formed when two or more different elements combine chemically. To separate these elements, a chemical reaction is needed. So, this statement is true.
03

Identify the correct statements

Based on the analysis in Step 2, we can identify the correct statements: c. Air is a mixture of gases. e. Compounds can be broken down only by chemical means. These are the true statements among the given options.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

You have two beakers, one filled to the 100-mL mark with sugar (the sugar has a mass of 180.0 g) and the other filled to the 100-mL mark with water (the water has a mass of 100.0 g). You pour all the sugar and all the water together in a bigger beaker and stir until the sugar is completely dissolved. a. Which of the following is true about the mass of the solution? Explain. i. It is much greater than 280.0 g. ii. It is somewhat greater than 280.0 g. iii. It is exactly 280.0 g. iv. It is somewhat less than 280.0 g. v. It is much less than 280.0 g. b. Which of the following is true about the volume of the solution? Explain. i. It is much greater than 200.0 mL. ii. It is somewhat greater than 200.0 mL. iii. It is exactly 200.0 mL. iv. It is somewhat less than 200.0 mL. v. It is much less than 200.0 mL.

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The properties of a mixture are typically averages of the properties of its components. The properties of a compound may differ dramatically from the properties of the elements that combine to produce the compound. For each process described below, state whether the material being discussed is most likely a mixture or a compound, and state whether the process is a chemical change or a physical change. a. An orange liquid is distilled, resulting in the collection of a yellow liquid and a red solid. b. A colorless, crystalline solid is decomposed, yielding a pale yellow-green gas and a soft, shiny metal. c. A cup of tea becomes sweeter as sugar is added to it.

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