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Chapter 6: Problem 41

Write the correct formula for the following ionic compounds: a. barium hydroxide b. sodium hydrogen sulfate c. iron(II) nitrite d. zinc phosphate e. iron(III) carbonate

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Ba(OH)鈧 (b) NaHSO鈧 (c) Fe(NO鈧)鈧 (d) Zn鈧(PO鈧)鈧 (e) Fe鈧(CO鈧)鈧

Step by step solution

01

Identify the ions in the compound

Determine the cation and anion for each compound. For example, for barium hydroxide, the cation is barium (Ba虏鈦) and the anion is hydroxide (OH鈦).
02

Determine the charges on each ion

Write down the charges of each ion. For barium hydroxide: Ba虏鈦 has a charge of +2 and OH鈦 has a charge of -1. For sodium hydrogen sulfate: Na鈦 has a charge of +1 and HSO鈧勨伝 has a charge of -1.
03

Balance the charges to form a neutral compound

Find the ratio of ions needed to balance the charges. For barium hydroxide, two OH鈦 ions are needed to balance the +2 charge of one Ba虏鈦 ion. Therefore, the formula is Ba(OH)鈧.
04

Write the formula for the compound

Combine the ions to write the formula: (a) Barium hydroxide -> Ba(OH)鈧 (b) Sodium hydrogen sulfate -> NaHSO鈧 (c) Iron(II) nitrite -> Fe(NO鈧)鈧 (d) Zinc phosphate -> Zn鈧(PO鈧)鈧 (e) Iron(III) carbonate -> Fe鈧(CO鈧)鈧

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

barium hydroxide
Barium hydroxide is an ionic compound made up of barium (Ba虏鈦) and hydroxide ions (OH鈦). To form a neutral compound, we need two hydroxide ions for every barium ion. This balances the charges as barium has a +2 charge and each hydroxide ion has a -1 charge. Therefore, the correct formula for barium hydroxide is Ba(OH)鈧.

Key points to remember:
  • Barium hydroxide consists of Ba虏鈦 and OH鈦.
  • The charges must balance to make the compound neutral.
  • The formula is Ba(OH)鈧.
sodium hydrogen sulfate
Sodium hydrogen sulfate combines sodium (Na鈦) with hydrogen sulfate (HSO鈧勨伝). Sodium has a +1 charge, and hydrogen sulfate has a -1 charge, so the charges naturally balance to form a neutral compound. The resulting formula is NaHSO鈧.

Remember these points:
  • Sodium hydrogen sulfate consists of Na鈦 and HSO鈧勨伝.
  • Charges between the ions already balance.
  • The formula is NaHSO鈧.
iron(II) nitrite
For iron(II) nitrite, iron(II) means the iron ion has a +2 charge and is denoted as Fe虏鈦. Nitrite (NO鈧傗伝) has a -1 charge. To balance the charges, two nitrite ions are needed for every iron ion. Therefore, the correct formula is Fe(NO鈧)鈧.

Core details:
  • Iron(II) nitrite consists of Fe虏鈦 and NO鈧傗伝.
  • Two nitrite ions are required to balance one iron(II) ion.
  • The formula is Fe(NO鈧)鈧.
zinc phosphate
Zinc phosphate involves zinc (Zn虏鈦) and phosphate (PO鈧劼斥伝) ions. Since zinc has a +2 charge and phosphate has a -3 charge, it's necessary to find a common multiple to balance these charges. You need three zinc ions and two phosphate ions to balance to zero, making the formula Zn鈧(PO鈧)鈧.

Important points:
  • Zinc phosphate consists of Zn虏鈦 and PO鈧劼斥伝.
  • Three zinc ions and two phosphate ions are needed.
  • The formula is Zn鈧(PO鈧)鈧.
iron(III) carbonate
Iron(III) carbonate includes iron(III) ions, which have a +3 charge (Fe鲁鈦), and carbonate ions (CO鈧兟测伝), which have a -2 charge. To balance these, two iron(III) ions and three carbonate ions are needed. This makes the formula Fe鈧(CO鈧)鈧.

Crucial notes:
  • Iron(III) carbonate consists of Fe鲁鈦 and CO鈧兟测伝.
  • Two iron and three carbonate ions are required for balance.
  • The formula is Fe鈧(CO鈧)鈧.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write the symbols for the ions with the following number of protons and electrons: a. 3 protons, 2 electrons b. 9 protons, 10 electrons c. 12 protons, 10 electrons d. 26 protons, 23 electrons

Name each of the following molecular compounds: a. \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\) b. \(\mathrm{Si}_{2} \mathrm{Br}_{6}\) c. \(\mathrm{P}_{4} \mathrm{~S}_{3}\) d. \(\mathrm{PCl}_{5}\) e. \(\mathrm{SeF}_{6}\)

Name each of the following ionic or molecular compounds: a. \(\mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3}\), antiperspirant b. \(\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}\), antacid c. \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}\), "laughing gas," inhaled anesthetic d. \(\mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\), laxative

Write the formula for the polyatomic ion and name each of the following compounds: a. \(\mathrm{MnCO}_{3}\) b. \(\mathrm{Au}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) c. \(\mathrm{Mg}_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2}\) d. \(\mathrm{Fe}\left(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}\right)_{3}\)

Write the formula for each of the following molecular compounds: (6.5) a. sulfur dibromide b. carbon dioxide c. nitrogen trichloride d. sulfur tetrafluoride
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