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Chapter 6: Problem 39

Complete the following table with the formula and name of the compound that forms between each pair of ions: $$ \begin{aligned} &\mathrm{NO}_{2}-\mathrm{CO}_{3}{ }^{2-} \mathrm{HSO}_{4}^{-} \mathrm{PO}_{4}{ }^{3-} \\ &\mathrm{Li}^{+} \\ &\mathrm{Cu}^{2+} \\ &\mathrm{Ba}^{2+} \end{aligned} $$

Short Answer

Expert verified
LiNO鈧, Li鈧侰O鈧, LiHSO鈧, Li鈧働O鈧; Cu(NO鈧)鈧, CuCO鈧, Cu(HSO鈧)鈧, Cu鈧(PO鈧)鈧; Ba(NO鈧)鈧, BaCO鈧, Ba(HSO鈧)鈧, Ba鈧(PO鈧)鈧

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Compound Formation

When forming compounds between cations and anions, ensure the total positive charge balances the total negative charge.
02

Combine Li鈦 with each anion

Combine Li鈦 with NO鈧傗伝 to get LiNO鈧 (Lithium Nitrite).Combine Li鈦 with CO鈧兟测伝 to get Li鈧侰O鈧 (Lithium Carbonate).Combine Li鈦 with HSO鈧勨伝 to get LiHSO鈧 (Lithium Hydrogen Sulfate).Combine Li鈦 with PO鈧劼斥伝 to get Li鈧働O鈧 (Lithium Phosphate).
03

Combine Cu虏鈦 with each anion

Combine Cu虏鈦 with NO鈧傗伝 to get Cu(NO鈧)鈧 (Copper(II) Nitrite).Combine Cu虏鈦 with CO鈧兟测伝 to get CuCO鈧 (Copper(II) Carbonate).Combine Cu虏鈦 with HSO鈧勨伝 to get Cu(HSO鈧)鈧 (Copper(II) Hydrogen Sulfate).Combine Cu虏鈦 with PO鈧劼斥伝 to get Cu鈧(PO鈧)鈧 (Copper(II) Phosphate).
04

Combine Ba虏鈦 with each anion

Combine Ba虏鈦 with NO鈧傗伝 to get Ba(NO鈧)鈧 (Barium Nitrite).Combine Ba虏鈦 with CO鈧兟测伝 to get BaCO鈧 (Barium Carbonate).Combine Ba虏鈦 with HSO鈧勨伝 to get Ba(HSO鈧)鈧 (Barium Hydrogen Sulfate).Combine Ba虏鈦 with PO鈧劼斥伝 to get Ba鈧(PO鈧)鈧 (Barium Phosphate).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

ionic compounds
Ionic compounds are formed from the electrostatic attraction between positive (cation) and negative (anion) ions. These ions arrange themselves in a lattice structure, resulting in a neutral compound with no net charge. For example, when a metal like lithium (Li鈦) combines with a non-metal ion like nitrite (NO鈧傗伝), the compound lithium nitrite (LiNO鈧) is formed.
Common characteristics of ionic compounds are:
  • They have high melting and boiling points due to strong ionic bonds.

  • They are generally soluble in water.

  • They conduct electricity when dissolved in water or melted.

charge balancing
Charge balancing ensures that the total positive charge equals the total negative charge in an ionic compound. This balance creates a neutral compound.
Here鈥檚 how you can achieve charge balancing:
  • Identify the charges of the ions involved. For example, lithium has a charge of +1 (Li鈦), while carbonate has a charge of -2 (CO鈧兟测伝).

  • Determine the ratio of ions needed to balance the charges. For lithium carbonate, you need two Li鈦 ions to balance the -2 charge of one CO鈧兟测伝 ion, resulting in the formula Li鈧侰O鈧.

  • Combine the ions in the ratio that balances the charges. This step ensures the overall compound is electrically neutral.
For compounds with polyvalent ions (ions with charges greater than 1), such as copper(II) (Cu虏鈦), more careful balancing may be required.
For instance, combining Cu虏鈦 with PO鈧劼斥伝 (phosphate) needs careful balancing. You would need three Cu虏鈦 ions to balance two PO鈧劼斥伝 ions, leading to the formula Cu鈧(PO鈧)鈧.
chemical formulas
Chemical formulas represent the composition of a compound using element symbols and numerical subscripts. They indicate the types and numbers of atoms in a molecule or ionic compound.
To write a chemical formula:
  • Determine the ions involved in the compound. For example, Cu虏鈦 (copper(II)) and NO鈧傗伝 (nitrite).

  • Balance the charges to reflect a neutral compound. Since Cu虏鈦 has a +2 charge, you need two NO鈧傗伝 ions (each with a -1 charge) to balance it, resulting in Cu(NO鈧)鈧.

  • Use parentheses for polyatomic ions when more than one polyatomic ion is needed in the formula. In Cu(NO鈧)鈧, parentheses show that two nitrite ions are combined with each copper ion.
This method is applicable to various ions forming compounds, ensuring the derived chemical formulas characterize neutral compounds accurately, such as Ba鈧(PO鈧)鈧 for barium phosphate.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Name each of the following ionic compounds: a. \(\mathrm{Zn}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}\right)_{2}\), cold remedy b. \(\mathrm{Mg}_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2}\), antacid c. \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}\), expectorant d. \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\), corrects \(\mathrm{pH}\) imbalance

Name each of the following molecular compounds: (6.5) a. \(\mathrm{B}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}\) b. \(\mathrm{ClF}_{3}\) c. \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}\) d. \(\mathrm{CCl}_{4}\) e. \(\mathrm{PCl}_{3}\) f. \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}\)

Write the names for each of the following ions: a. \(\mathrm{Rb}^{+}\) b. \(\mathrm{Sr}^{2+}\) c. \(\mathrm{S}^{2-}\) d. \(\mathrm{F}^{-}\)

Write the correct ionic formula for the compound formed between each of the following pairs of ions: a. \(\mathrm{Al}^{3+}\) and \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\) b. \(\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}\) and \(\mathrm{S}^{2-}\) c. \(\mathrm{Li}^{+}\) and \(\mathrm{S}^{2-}\) d. \(\mathrm{Rb}^{+}\) and \(\mathrm{P}^{3-}\) e. \(\mathrm{Cs}^{+}\) and \(\mathrm{I}^{-}\)

Name each of the following ionic or molecular compounds: a. \(\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}\), antacid b. \(\mathrm{FeSO}_{4}\), iron supplement in vitamins c. NO, vasodilator d. \(\mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\), fungicide
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