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Chapter 9: Q. 9.23 (page 298)

State whether each of the following refers to a saturated or an unsaturated solution:

a. A crystal added to a solution does not change in size.

b. A sugar cube completely dissolves when added to a cup of coffee.

c. A uric acid concentration of 4.6mg/100mLin the kidney does not cause gout.

Short Answer

Expert verified

(part a) The size of a crystal added to a solution remains constant. Then, the solution is Saturated.

(part b) A sugar cube completely dissolves when added to a cup of coffee. Therefore, the solution is unsaturated.

(part c) A uric acid concentration of 4.6mg/100mLin the kidney does not cause gout and hence the reaction is unsaturated.

Step by step solution

01

Introduction (part a).

An unsaturated solution is one that does not contain the same amount of solute but readily disperses more salt solution when added to the solvent.

A saturated sample containing the concentration of a substance but it does not disband any additional solute at the specified temperature.

When a crystal is introduced into a solution, its size remains constant.

02

Given Information (part a). 

Given:

Adding a crystal to the solution has no effect on its size because it is saturated and contains the saturated solution.

03

Explanation (part a).  

When a sugar cube is added to a cup of coffee, it completely dissolves.

04

Given Information (part b). 

Given:

When a sugar cube is added to a cup of coffee, it totally dissolves because of solution is unsaturated as well as freely melts more solute.

05

Explanation (part b). 

Gout is just not characterized by the accumulation of uric acid in the kidney.

06

Given Information (part c).

Given:

A uric acid concentration of4.6mg/100mL in the kidney does not cause gout.

07

Explanation (part c).

At 37鈭�C,the dissolution rate of uric acid in plasma proteins is7mg/100mL. As an outcome, a uric acid density in the kidney of4.6mg/100mL makes reference to an unsaturated solution but does not cause gout.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Automobile exhaust is a major cause of air pollution. One pollutant is the gas nitrogen oxide, which forms from nitrogen and oxygen caves in the air of the high temperatures in an automobile engine. Once emitted into the air, nitrogen oxide reacts with oxygen to produce nitrogen dioxide, a reddish brown gas with a sharp, pungent odor that makes up smog. One component of gasoline is heptane. C7H16+a liquid which a density of0.684g/mL. In one year, a typical automobile uses 550galof gasoline and produces 411 of nitrogen oxide. (7.4. 7.8.8.6)

a. Write balanced chemical equations for the production of nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide.

b. If all the nitrogen oxide emitted by one automobile is converted to nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere, how many kilograms of nitrogen dioxide are produced in one year by a single automobile?

c. Write a balanced chemical equation for the combustion of heptane.

d. Horn many moles of gaseous CO2are produced from the gasoline used by the typical automobile in one year, assuming the gasoline is all heptane?

e. How many liters of carbon dioxide at TP are produced in one year from the gasoline used by the typical automobile?

How do temperature and pressure affect the solubility of solids and gases in water?(9.3)

Potassium fluoride has a solubility of 92gofKFin 100gofH2Oat 18鈭�C. Determine if each of the following mixtures forms an unsaturated or saturated solution at 18鈭�C.

a. adding 35gofKFto 25gofH2O

b. adding 42gofKFto 50gofH2O

c. adding 145gofKFto 150gofH2O

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a. 2.00moles of glucose in 4.00Lof a glucose solution.

b. 4.00gofKOHin 2.00LofaKOHsolution.

c. 5.85gofNaClin 400mLofaNaClsolution.

Classify the solute represented in each of the following equations as a strong, weak, or nonelectrolyte:

a. K2SO4(s)鉄�H2O2K+(aq)+SO42-(aq)

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c.C6H12O6(s)鉄�H2OC6H12O6(aq)
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