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Chapter 16: Q. 16.7 (page 581)

Why do enzymes function only under mild conditions?(16.4,16.5)

Short Answer

Expert verified
  • The enzymecan only function under mild conditions.

Step by step solution

01

Introduction Enzymes need temperature to function

  1. Generally, catalysts require high temperature and high pressure.
  2. Enzymes are biological catalysts that work only under physiological conditions: pH7.4 and 37掳C.
  3. Enzymes catalyze biological activity bylowering the activation energy.
02

ExplanationThe enzyme can only function  under mild conditions. 

  1. Most enzymes are globular proteins.
  2. At high temperatures, the tertiary structure is distorted and inoperable.
  3. At pH above or below the optimum pH, the structure of the enzyme changes and the active site is destroyed.
  4. Therefore, the enzyme can only function under mild conditions.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

16.72Maltase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose to two glucose molecules. (16.4)

a.What are the reactants and products of the reaction?

b.Draw an energy diagram for the reaction with and without maltase.

c.How does maltase make the reaction go faster?

Classify each of the amino acids in problem 16.5as polar or nonpolar. If polar, indicate if the R group is neutral, acidic, or basic. Indicate if each is hydrophobic or hydrophilic.

Classify each of the following proteins according to their function:

a. insulin, a protein needed for glucose utilization

b. antibodies that disable foreign proteins

c. casein, milk protein

d. lipases that catalyze the hydrolysis of lipids.

What are some differences between each of the following pairs?

a. a salt bridge and a disulfide bond

b. an 伪helix and collagen

c. 伪helix and 尾-pleated sheet

d. tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins

Classify each of the amino acids in the problem16.6 as polar or nonpolar. If polar, indicate if the R group is neutral, acidic, or basic. Indicate if each is hydrophobic or hydrophilic.
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