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Question: (Accounting for Patents) Tones Industries has the following patents on its December 31, 2016, balance sheet.

Patent Item

Initial Cost

Date Acquired

Useful Life at Date Acquired

Patent A

\(30,600

3/1/13

17 years

Patent B

\)15,000

7/1/14

10 years

Patent C

\(14,400

9/1/15

4 years

The following events occurred during the year ended December 31, 2017.

  1. Research and development costs of \)245,700 were incurred during the year.
  2. Patent D was purchased on July 1 for \(36,480. This patent has a useful life of 9陆 years.
  3. As a result of reduced demands for certain products protected by Patent B, a possible impairment of Patent B鈥檚 value may have occurred at December 31, 2017. The controller for Tones estimates the expected future cash flows from Patent B will be as follows.

    Year

    Expected Future Cash Flows

    2018

    \)2,000

    2019

    2,000

    2020

    2,000

  4. The proper discount rate to be used for these flows is 8%. (Assume that the cash flows occur at the end of the year.)

    Instructions

    1. Compute the total carrying amount of Tones鈥 patents on its December 31, 2016, balance sheet.
    2. Compute the total carrying amount of Tones鈥 patents on its December 31, 2017, balance sheet.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer

  1. Total Patent = $44,500

2. Total Patent = $67,614

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of Patents

The company's most valuable and intangible assets are patents, which offer unique legal rights to utilize a technique or manufacture and sell a product. The value of patents grows and decreases in tandem with the performance of the firm.

02

Computing the total carrying amount of Tones’ patents on its December 31, 2016, balance sheet (a)

Patent A

Life in years

17

Life in months

204

Amortization per month ($30,600 梅 204)

$150

Number of months amortized to date

Year

Month

2013

10

2014

12

2015

12

2016

12

46

Carrying amount 12/31/16 = $23,700

Working Notes:

Carryingamount=Initialcost-TotalmonthAmortizationpermonth=$30,600-46$150=$23,700

Patent B

Life in years

17

Life in months

120

Amortization per month

$125

Number of months amortized to date

Year

Month

2014

6

2015

12

2016

12

30

The carrying amount on 12/31/16 is $11,250

Working notes:

Carryingamount=Initialcost-TotalmonthAmortizationpermonth=$15,000-$125$30=$11,250

Patent C

Life in years

17

Life in months

48

Amortization per month

$300

Number of months amortized to date

Year

Month

2015

4

2016

12

16

The carrying amount on 12/31/16 is $9,600

Carryingamount=Initialcost-TotalmonthAmortizationpermonth=$14,400-$300$16=$9,600

On December 31, 2016

Patent A

$23,700

Patent B

11,250

Patent C

9,600

Total

$44,550

03

 Step 3: Computing the total carrying amount of Tones’ patents on its December 31, 2017, balance sheet (b)

Analysis of 2017 transactions

  1. The $245,700 incurred for research and development should be expensed.
  2. The book value of Patent B is $9,750 ($11,250-$1,500) and its estimated future cash flows are $6,000: (3$2,000); therefore, Patent B is impaired. The impairment loss is imputed as follows:

Book value

$9,750

Less: Present value of future cash flows ($2,000 X 2.57710)

5,154

Loss recognized

$ 4,596

Patent B carrying amount (12/31/17) is $5,154

On December 31, 2017

Patent A

$21,900

Patent B

5,154 (Present value of future cash flows)

Patent C

6,000

Patent D

34,560

Total

$67,614

Working notes:

Calculation of the amount of Patent A

PatentA=Patentamount-MonthAmortizationamount=$23,700-12$150=$21,900

Calculation of the amount of Patent C

PatentA=Patentamount-MonthAmortizationamount=$9,600-12$300=$6,000

Patent D amortization

Life in years

Life in months

114

Amortization per month ($36,480 梅 114)

$320

Amortization per month value is $1,920

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: Why are held-to-maturity investments applicable only to debt securities?

(Investment Classifications)For the following investments, identify whether they are:

1. Trading debt securities.

2. Available-for-sale debt securities.

3. Held-to-maturity debt securities.

4. None of the above.

Each case is independent of the other.

(a) A bond that will mature in 4 years was bought 1 month ago when the price dropped. As soon as the value increases,

which is expected next month, it will be sold.

(b) 10% of the outstanding stock of Farm-Co was purchased. The company is planning on eventually getting a total of 30%

of its outstanding stock.

(c) Bonds were purchased in December of this year. The bonds are expected to be sold in January of next year.

(d) Bonds that will mature in 5 years are purchased. The company would like to hold them until they mature, but money

has been tight recently and they may need to be sold.

(e) Preferred stock was purchased for its constant dividend. The company is planning to hold the preferred stock for a long time.

(f) A bond that matures in 10 years was purchased. The company is investing money set aside for an expansion project

planned 10 years from now.

Question: Your classmate Kate believes that the equity method is applied with a strict application of the 鈥20%鈥 rule. Do you agree? Explain.

The following is a list of items that could be included in the intangible assets section of the balance sheet.

1. Investment in a subsidiary company.

2. Timberland.

3. Cost of engineering activity required to advance the design of a product to the manufacturing stage.

4. Lease prepayment (6 months鈥 rent paid in advance).

5. Cost of equipment obtained.

6. Cost of searching for applications of new research findings.

7. Costs incurred in the formation of a corporation.

8. Operating losses incurred in the start-up of a business.

9. Training costs incurred in start-up of new operation.

10. Purchase cost of a franchise.

11. Goodwill generated internally.

12. Cost of testing in search for product alternatives.

13. Goodwill acquired in the purchase of a business.

14. Cost of developing a patent.

15. Cost of purchasing a patent from an inventor.

16. Legal costs incurred in securing a patent.

17. Unrecovered costs of a successful legal suit to protect the patent.

18. Cost of conceptual formulation of possible product alternatives.

19. Cost of purchasing a copyright.

20. Research and development costs.

21. Long-term receivables.

22. Cost of developing a trademark.

23. Cost of purchasing a trademark.

Instructions:

(a) Indicate which items on the list above would generally be reported as intangible assets in the balance sheet.

(b) Indicate how, if at all, the items not reportable as intangible assets would be reported in the financial statements.

Explain how to account for the impairment of held-to-maturity debt security.

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