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Question: The AICPA Special Committee on Financial Reporting proposed the following constraints related to financial reporting.

  1. Business reporting should exclude information outside of management鈥檚 expertise or for which management is not the best source, such as information about competitors.
  2. Management should not be required to report information that would significantly harm the company鈥檚 competitive position.

  3. Management should not be required to provide forecasted financial statements. Rather, management should provide information that helps users forecast themselves the company鈥檚 financial future.

  4. Other than for financial statements, management need report only the information it knows. That is, management should be under no obligation to gather information it does not have, or does not need, to manage the business.

  5. Companies should present certain elements of business reporting only if users and management agree they should be reported- a concept of flexible reporting.

  6. Companies should not have to report forward-looking information unless there are effective deterrents to unwarranted litigation that discourages companies from doing so.

Instructions

For each item, briefly discuss how the proposed constraint addresses concerns about the costs and benefits of financial reporting.

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. In this case, the cost is probably greater than the advantages received.

  2. Here, the costs are going to higher than the benefit.

  3. In this case, the cost is presumed to exceed the benefit.

  4. Here, the cost is assumed to be greater than the advantage.

  5. In this case, the cost probably exceeds the benefit.

  6. Here, the advantage is likely to be higher than the cost.

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of Financial Reporting

Financial reporting is the method of registering and conveying commercial activities and performance over particular time periods, basically on a yearly or quarterly basis.

02

Explanation for statement ‘a’

Competitor鈥檚 information might be beneficial for standardizing the firm鈥檚 outcome but if the management is not skilled in facilitating the information, it could be greatly subjective. Moreover, it is probably expensive for the management to assemble adequately confirmable information of this nature.

03

Explanation for statement ‘b’

Users of accounting statements might get advantage from obtaining internal information like firm鈥檚 plans and budgets, side by side, competitors might also be able to use this information to acquire a competitive benefit associated with the disclosing company.

04

Explanation for statement ‘c’

For the purpose of providing forecasted accounting statements, management would have to prepare various assumptions and estimates, which would be expensive in the basis of time and data assembled. Due to the involvement of subjectivity, the forecasted statements would not be true presentations, thus lessening from any possible advantages. Additionally, while management鈥檚 forecasts of future possibility or amounts of balance sheet could be of advantage, firms could be liable to shareholder lawsuits, if the amounts in the forecasted statements are not obtained.

05

Explanation for statement ‘d’

It would be highly expensive for firms to assemble and report information that is not beneficial in managing the business.

06

Explanation for statement ‘e’

Adjustable reporting grants firms to adjust their financial reporting to meet the information needs of its diverse users. Therefore, they can evade the cost of supplying information that is not desired by its users.

07

Explanation for statement ‘f’

With regard to forecasted financial statements, if managers report forward-looking information, the firm could be prone to liability if investors unduly depend on the information in preparing investment decisions. Therefore, if firms get security from unwarranted lawsuits, then they might be eager to supply reasonably beneficial forward-looking information.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

E2-4 (L03) (Qualitative Characteristics) The qualitative characteristics that make accounting information useful for decision-making purposes are as follows.

Relevance Neutrality Verifiability

Faithful representation Completeness Understandability

Predictive value Timeliness Comparability

Confirmatory value Materiality Free from error

InstructionsIdentify the appropriate qualitative characteristic(s) to be used given the information provided below.

(a) Qualitative characteristic being employed when companies in the same industry are using the same accounting principles.

(b) Quality of information that confirms users鈥 earlier expectations.

(c) Imperative for providing comparisons of a company from period to period.

(d) Ignores the economic consequences of a standard or rule.

(e) Requires a high degree of consensus among individuals on a given measurement.

(f) Predictive value is an ingredient of this fundamental quality of information.

(g) Four qualitative characteristics that are related to both relevance and faithful representation.

(h) An item is not recorded because its effect on income would not change a decision.

(i) Neutrality is an ingredient of this fundamental quality of accounting information.

(j) Two fundamental qualities that make accounting information useful for decision-making purposes.

(k) Issuance of interim reports is an example of what enhancing quality of relevance?

The chairman of the company鈥檚 board of directors for which you are the chief accountant has told you that he has little use for accounting figures based on historical cost. He believes that replacement values are of far more significance to the board of directors than 鈥渙ut-of-date costs.鈥 Present some arguments to convince him that accounting data should still be based on historical cost.

What are the four basic assumptions that underlie the financial accounting structure?

Question: BE2-5 (L03) Presented below are three different transactions related to materiality. Explain whether you would classify these transactions as material.(

a) Blair Co. has reported a positive trend in earnings over the last 3 years. In the current year, it reduces its bad debt allowance to ensure another positive earnings year. The impact of this adjustment is equal to 3% of net income.

(b) Hindi Co. has an unusual gain of \(3.1 million on the sale of plant assets and a \)3.3 million loss on the sale of investments. It decides to net the gain and loss because the net effect is considered immaterial. Hindi Co.'s income for the current year was \(10 million.

(c) Damon Co. expenses all capital equipment under \)25,000 on the basis that it is immaterial. The company has followed this practice for a number of years.

Briefly describe the two fundamental qualities of useful accounting information.

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