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To what extent do you consider the following items to be proper costs of the fixed asset? Give reasons for your opinions.

  1. Overhead of a business that builds its own equipment.
  2. Cash discounts on purchases of equipment.
  3. Interest paid during the construction of a building.
  4. Cost of a safety device installed on a machine.
  5. Freight on equipment returned before installation, for replacement by other equipment of greater capacity.
  6. Cost of moving machinery to a new location.
  7. Cost of plywood partitions erected as part of the remodeling of the office.
  8. Replastering of a section of the building.
  9. Cost of a new motor for one of the trucks.

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. A plant asset account is charged for overhead.
  2. Plant assets should be written off to expense.
  3. Avoidable or actual interest cost, whichever is lower, be capitalized.
  4. The cost of a safety device should be capitalized.
  5. The freight should be regarded as a loss.
  6. The cost of one installation should be capitalized for any piece of equipment.
  7. Remodeling costs may be capitalized.
  8. Re-plastering should be treated as an expense.
  9. Extraordinary repair should be charged against the accumulated depreciation on the truck.

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of Fixed Asset

In accounting terms, a fixed asset is atangible used for more than one year. All fixed assets except land have a tenancy for depreciation on account of obsolescence, and depreciation expense is charged to the books of accounts every year.

02

(a) Overhead of a business that builds its equipment.

Some accountants believe that the increased overhead created by such a building should be charged to the equipment account. When overhead is charged to the plant asset account on the same basis and at the same pace as output, a more accurate number for equipment cost emerges.

03

(b) Cash discounts on purchases of equipment

Some accountants consider all cash discounts to be financial or other income, regardless of whether they stem from the payment of product or plant assets bills. Others argue that because the discount indicates a price decrease rather than revenue, only the net amount spent for plant assets should be capitalized. The latter stance appears more plausible because plant assets are acquired for use rather than sale and written down to expenditure over time.

04

(c) Interest paid during the construction of a building

Suppose sufficient time is required to get an asset to the condition and location required for its intended use. In that case, avoidable or actual interest costs, whichever is smaller, be capitalized as part of the acquisition cost.

05

(d) Cost of a safety device installed on a machine

If material is added to the machine, which increases the life or utility of the fixed asset, it should be capitalized in the machinery account.

06

(e) Freight on equipment returned before installation

For replacement by other equipment of greater capacity.The freight should be considered a loss if ordering the original equipment was a mistake, whether due to judgment or otherwise. If information becomes available after the order is placed indicating that purchasing new equipment is more advantageous, the cost of return freight may be considered a required expense of the new equipment.

07

(f) Cost of moving machinery to a new location

For every piece of equipment, only the cost of one installation should be capitalized. As a result, the original installation and any accrued depreciation should be deducted from the accounts, while the new installation expenses (i.e., relocation costs) should be capitalized. If this is not practicable and the cost of relocation is significant, it is capitalized and depreciated properly throughout the period it is to operations.

08

(g) Cost of plywood partitions erected in the remodeling of the office

This is included in the renovation cost and may be capitalized if the remodeling is of such character that it is an addition to the structure rather than just a replacement or repair.

09

(h) Re-plastering of a section of the building

This appears to be more of a repair than anything else and, as such, should be considered a cost

10

(i) Cost of a new motor for one of the trucks

The truck's useful life is likely to be extended due to this. As a result, it might be considered an unusual repair and deducted from the truck's total depreciation. Estimate the truck's remaining service life and adjust the depreciation to write off the net book value, minus salvage, over the remaining useful life. If feasible, delete the old motor's cost and related depreciation and add the new motor's cost.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Navajo Corporation traded a used truck (cost \(20,000, accumulated depreciation \)18,000) for a small computer with a fair value of \(3,300. Navajo also paid \)500 in the transaction. Prepare the journal entry to record the exchange. (The exchange has commercial substance.)

(Acquisition Costs of Trucks) Kelly Clarkson Corporation operates a retail computer store. To improve delivery services to customers, the company purchases four new trucks on April 1, 2017. The terms of acquisition for each truck are described below.

  1. Truck #1 has a list price of \(15,000 and is acquired for a cash payment of \)13,900.
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Instructions

Prepare the appropriate journal entries for the above transactions for Clarkson Corporation.

(Nonmonetary Exchanges) On August 1, Hyde, Inc. exchanged productive assets with Wiggins, Inc. Hyde鈥檚 asset is referred to below as 鈥淎sset A,鈥 and Wiggins鈥 is referred to as 鈥淎sset B.鈥 The following facts pertain to these assets.

Asset A

Asset B

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\(96,000

\)110,000

Accumulated depreciation (to date of exchange)

40,000

47,000

Fair value at date of exchange

60,000

75,000

Cash paid by Hyde, Inc.

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Cash received by Wiggins, Inc.

15,000

Instructions

  1. Assuming that the exchange of Assets A and B has commercial substance, record the exchange for both Hyde, Inc. and Wiggins, Inc. in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
  2. Assuming that the exchange of Assets A and B lacks commercial substance, record the exchange for both Hyde, Inc. and Wiggins, Inc. in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Garcia Corporation purchased a truck by issuing an $80,000, 4-year, zero-interest-bearing note to Equinox Inc. The market rate of interest for obligations of this nature is 10%. Prepare the journal entry to record the purchase of this truck.

(Capitalization of Interest) The following three situations involve the capitalization of interest

Situation I: On January 1, 2017, Oksana Baiul, Inc. signed a fixed-price contract to have Builder Associates construct a major plant facility at a cost of \(4,000,000. It was estimated that it would take 3 years to complete the project. Also on January 1, 2017, to finance the construction cost, Oksana Baiul borrowed \)4,000,000 payable in 10 annual installments of \(400,000, plus interest at the rate of 10%. During 2017, Oksana Baiul made deposit and progress payments totaling \)1,500,000 under the contract; the weighted average amount of accumulated expenditures was \(800,000 for the year. The excess borrowed funds were invested in short-term securities, from which Oksana Baiul realized investment income of \)250,000.

Instructions

What amount should Oksana Baiul report as capitalized interest at December 31, 2017?

Situation II: During 2017, Midori Ito Corporation constructed and manufactured certain assets and incurred the following interest costs in connection with those activities.

Interest Costs Incurred

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\(30,000

Special-order machine for sale to unrelated customer, produced according to customer鈥檚 specifications

9,000

Inventories routinely manufactured, produced on a repetitive basis

8,000

All of these assets required an extended period of time for completion.

Instructions

Assuming the effect of interest capitalization is material, what is the total amount of interest costs to be capitalized?

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Instructions

How much should be shown as capitalized interest on Peggy Fleming鈥檚 financial statements on April 30, 2018?

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