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Briefly describe the specific types of debt and equity securities.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Debt securities include Trading debt investment, Held-to-maturity debt investment, and available for sale debt investment.

Equity Securities:No significant influence equity investment, significant influence equity investment, and controlling interest equity investment.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Controlling Interest

Voting stock refers to the shares that provide the owner with the right to vote in the general meeting of the shareholders and board of directors. Such investor has the ability to influence decisions.

02

Types of Debt Securities

  1. Trading debt securities: The debt securities acquired for selling in a very short period, such as within a week, days, or months.
  2. Held-to-Maturity: The securities acquired hold them up to their maturity, or the investor can hold them up to maturity.
  3. Available for sale debt investment: The debt investments that are not included in the trading and held-to-maturity securities are included in the available for sale debt investment. These are reported in the current assets because the business entity expects that it will get sold within one year.
03

Types of Equity Securities

  1. No significant influence on equity investment: The equity investment, which is less than 20% of the voting stock of the investee company and does not allow the investor to participate in the business decisions, is known as having no significant influence on equity investment.
  2. Significant influence equity investment: The equity securities that provide the investor with the ability to influence the decision of the investee company are known as significant influence equity investment. Under such investment, the investor has acquired 20% to 50% of voting stock.
  3. Controlling interest equity investment: The equity investment in which the investor has acquired more than 50% of the voting stock of the investee company.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: S10-5 Accounting for debt investments

On February 1, 2018, Bell Co. decides to invest excess cash of \(16,800 by purchasing a Grant, Inc. bond at face value. At year-end, December 31, 2018, the fair value of the Grant bond was \)19,600. The investment is categorized as a trading debt investment.

Requirements

2. In what category and at what value would Bell report the asset on the December 31, 2018, balance sheet? In what account would the market price change in Grant’s bond be reported, if at all?

  1. Question: P10-23B Accounting for equity investments

The beginning balance sheet of Text Source Co. included a \(700,000 investment in Taylor stock (20% ownership).

During the year, Text Source completed the following investment transactions:

Mar. 3 Purchased 5,000 shares at \)13 per share of Josh Software common stock as a long-term equity investment, representing 3% ownership, no significant influence.

May 15 Received a cash dividend of \(0.69 per share on the Josh investment.

Dec. 15 Received a cash dividend of \)100,000 from Taylor investment.

31 Received Taylor’s annual report showing \(100,000 of net income.

31 Received Josh’s annual report showing \)620,000 of net income for the year.

31 Taylor’s stock fair value at year-end was \(620,000.

31 Josh’s common stock fair value at year-end was \)14 per share.

Requirements

Post transactions to T-accounts to determine the December 31, 2018, balances related to the investment and investment income accounts.

Question: S10-6 Accounting for debt investments

On June 1, 2018, Josh’s Restaurant decides to invest excess cash of \(54,400 from the tourist season by purchasing a Jackrabbit, Inc. bond at face value. At year-end, December 31, 2018, Jackrabbit’s bond had a market value of \)51,200. The investment is categorized as an available-for-sale debt investment and will be held for the short-term.

Requirements

What was the net effect of the investment on Josh’s net income for the year ended December 31, 2018?

Accounting for debt investments

Advance & Co. owns vast amounts of corporate bonds. Suppose Advance buys $1,100,000 of FermaCo bonds at face value on January 2, 2018. The FermaCo bonds pay interest at the annual rate of 3% on June 30 and December 31 and mature on December 31, 2037. Advance intends to hold the investment until maturity.

Requirements

How much cash interest will Advance receive each year from FermaCo?

Why would a company invest in debt or equity securities?

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