Problem 4 Explain how positional cloning w... [FREE SOLUTION]

Chapter 22: Problem 4

Explain how positional cloning was used to identify disease-causing genes.

Short Answer

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Positional cloning identifies a gene by its position on the chromosome, using the gene's linkage to genetic markers. It is done by identifying the chromosome carrying the gene of interest, mapping the chromosome, identifying the potential region for the disease-causing gene, sequencing that region, testing every gene in that sequence, and finally verifying the functionality of the identified gene.

Step by step solution

Understanding Positional Cloning

Positional Cloning is an approach or method that identifies a gene when no information about the gene's protein product is available. This method is considerably important when studying genetic disorders. It involves mapping the gene to a certain position in the genome, that's why it's called Positional Cloning.

Mapping and Identifying the Gene

In positional cloning, first, the chromosome that carries the gene of interest is identified. This is done using linkage analysis in families where the genetic disorder is common. Once the chromosome has been identified, a detailed map of the chromosome is made, which includes distances between different genes.

Locating the Disease-Causing Gene

Through extensive mapping, the region of the chromosome that is believed to contain the disease-causing gene is identified. This region is then cut into smaller segments or pieces.

Cloning and Sequencing

These small pieces are then cloned into vectors to create a multitude of copies. The genetic sequences of these copies are then determined through sequencing.

Candidate Gene Testing

Once the sequence is obtained, every gene in that sequence is considered a candidate for being a disease-causing gene. Each gene is then tested to find the mutation causing the genetic disorder by comparing it with the same gene in healthy individuals.

Verification

Finally, to confirm that the identified gene is in fact the disease-causing gene, further experiments are carried out. This might involve introducing the gene into a model organism and observing if it causes the same disorder.

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91影视

Explain how positional cloning was used to identify disease-causing genes.

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Understanding Positional Cloning

Mapping and Identifying the Gene

Locating the Disease-Causing Gene

Cloning and Sequencing

Candidate Gene Testing

Verification

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