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Chapter 22: Problem 8

Why is it important to use many copies of a genome when deriving the sequence?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Multiple copies of a genome are used in sequencing to ensure accuracy and completeness. Errors from sequencing process can be identified and corrected when results from multiple copies are compared. Having many copies also ensures that all parts of the genome are sequenced, overcoming technical limitations that prevent sequencing all sections in a single run. This approach allows the accurate reconstruction of the original genome sequence from fragments sequenced individually.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Genomic Sequencing

Genomic sequencing is a process that involves determining the complete DNA sequence of an organism's genome at a single time. This technique involves sequencing all of an organism's chromosomal DNA as well as DNA contained in the mitochondria. In essence, it's reading the instructions contained in the DNA to learn more about how the organism functions.
02

Importance of Multiple Copies

Multiple copies of a genome are used during sequencing primarily for two reasons: accuracy and completeness. The process of sequencing can result in errors, which can be identified and corrected when multiple copies are sequenced and the results compared. Also, not all sections of the genome can be sequenced in a single run due to technical limitations. Therefore, having many copies ensures that every part of the genome can be covered.
03

Process of Sequencing

The actual process involves breaking the multiple copies of the genome into many small, manageable pieces, which are then sequenced individually. The results from each of these sequenced pieces are then aligned and compared to reconstruct the sequence of the original genome. This process is known as 'shotgun sequencing' and it is the reason why many copies of the genome are required to obtain a full, accurate sequence.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Explain why an inversion might escape detection in exome sequencing but not in genome sequencing.

Give examples of types of information that people can learn from knowing their genome sequences.

Explain why a gene variant that is present at a high frequency in a population is less likely to be harmful than a very rare variant in that population.

List three limitations of exome and/or genome sequencing.

Explain how positional cloning was used to identify disease-causing genes.
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