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Chapter 8: Problem 17

A diploid fruit fly has eight chromosomes. How many total chromosomes would be found in the following flies? A. Tetraploid B. Trisomy 2 C. Monosomy 3 D. \(3 n\) E. \(4 n+1\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The total number of chromosomes in these specific flies would be respectively: A. Tetraploid: 16 chromosomes, B. Trisomy 2: 9 chromosomes, C. Monosomy 3: 7 chromosomes, D. \(3n\): 12 chromosomes, E. \(4n+1\): 17 chromosomes.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Basics

Diploid organisms contain two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. A fruit fly normally has 8 chromosomes meaning it is diploid or \(2n\), where \(n=4\). Tetraploid means the organism has four complete sets of chromosomes (\(4n\)). Trisomy indicates one additional copy of chromosome (here it is for chromosome 2), leading to three copies of it instead of the usual two. Monosomy refers to the condition wherein one chromosome of a pair is missing, leading to \(2n-1\). Lastly, the \(3n\) and \(4n+1\) notations speak of three and four times the haploid number of chromosomes, plus one more respectively.
02

Calculating Chromosome Numbers

A. Tetraploid fruit flies have \(4n\) chromosomes. Since we established that \(n=4\), this would be \(4*4=16\) chromosomes. B. In a case of Trisomy 2, one additional chromosome 2 would be added. So, it would be the normal diploid number 8 plus 1, which equals \(8+1=9\) chromosomes. C. In the case of Monosomy 3, one chromosome 3 would be missing. So, it would be the diploid number 8 minus 1, that equals \(8-1=7\) chromosomes. D. In the \(3n\) case, this would denote \(3*4=12\) chromosomes as \(n=4\). E. The \(4n+1\) case would have \(4*4+1=17\) chromosomes.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Explain why small deletions and duplications are less likely to have a detrimental effect on an individual's phenotype than large ones. If a small deletion within a single chromosome happens to have a phenotypic effect, what would you conclude about the genes in the region affected by the deletion?

A zookeeper has collected a male and a female lizard that look like they belong to the same species. They mate with each other and produce phenotypically normal offspring. However, the offspring are sterile. Suggest one or more explanations for their sterility.

Female fruit flies homozygous for the X-linked white-eye allele are crossed to males with red eyes. On very rare occasions, an offspring of such a cross is a male with red eyes. Assuming these rare offspring are not due to a new mutation in one of the mother's \(\mathrm{X}\) chromosomes that converted the white-eye allele into a red-eye allele, explain how a red-eyed male arises.

Why do you think that humans with trisomy chromosome 13,18 , or 21 can survive but other trisomies are lethal? Even though \(\mathrm{X}\) chromosomes are large, aneuploidy of this chromosome is also tolerated. Explain why.

How does a chromosomal duplication occur?
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