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Chapter 8: Problem 17

A diploid fruit fly has eight chromosomes. How many total chromosomes would be found in the following flies? A. Tetraploid B. Trisomy 2 C. Monosomy 3 D. \(3 n\) E. \(4 n+1\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The total number of chromosomes in these specific flies would be respectively: A. Tetraploid: 16 chromosomes, B. Trisomy 2: 9 chromosomes, C. Monosomy 3: 7 chromosomes, D. \(3n\): 12 chromosomes, E. \(4n+1\): 17 chromosomes.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Basics

Diploid organisms contain two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. A fruit fly normally has 8 chromosomes meaning it is diploid or \(2n\), where \(n=4\). Tetraploid means the organism has four complete sets of chromosomes (\(4n\)). Trisomy indicates one additional copy of chromosome (here it is for chromosome 2), leading to three copies of it instead of the usual two. Monosomy refers to the condition wherein one chromosome of a pair is missing, leading to \(2n-1\). Lastly, the \(3n\) and \(4n+1\) notations speak of three and four times the haploid number of chromosomes, plus one more respectively.
02

Calculating Chromosome Numbers

A. Tetraploid fruit flies have \(4n\) chromosomes. Since we established that \(n=4\), this would be \(4*4=16\) chromosomes. B. In a case of Trisomy 2, one additional chromosome 2 would be added. So, it would be the normal diploid number 8 plus 1, which equals \(8+1=9\) chromosomes. C. In the case of Monosomy 3, one chromosome 3 would be missing. So, it would be the diploid number 8 minus 1, that equals \(8-1=7\) chromosomes. D. In the \(3n\) case, this would denote \(3*4=12\) chromosomes as \(n=4\). E. The \(4n+1\) case would have \(4*4+1=17\) chromosomes.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The karyotype of a young girl who is affected with familial Down syndrome revealed a total of 46 chromosomes. Her older brother, however, who is phenotypically unaffected, actually had 45 chromosomes. Explain how this could happen. What would you expect to be the numbers of chromosomes in the parents of these two children?

A woman who is heterozygous, \(B b\), has brown eyes; \(B\) (brown) is the dominant allele, and \(b\) (blue) is recessive. One of her eyes, however, has a patch of blue color. Give three different explanations for how this might have occurred.

The kidney bean plant, Phaseolus vulgaris, is a diploid species containing a total of 22 chromosomes in somatic cells. How many possible types of trisomic individuals could be produced in this species?

Explain why small deletions and duplications are less likely to have a detrimental effect on an individual's phenotype than large ones. If a small deletion within a single chromosome happens to have a phenotypic effect, what would you conclude about the genes in the region affected by the deletion?

Explain why inversions and reciprocal translocations do not usually cause a phenotypic effect. In a few cases, however, they do. Explain how.
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