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Chapter 3: Problem 17

Nine-banded armadillos almost always give birth to four offspring that are genetically identical quadruplets. Explain how you think this happens.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Nine-banded armadillos give birth to quadruplets that are genetically identical because they come from one fertilized egg (zygote) which splits twice to create four identical zygotes. While the exact process is not completely understood, it is thought to be influenced by the shape of the armadillo's uterus and the size and shape of the fertilized egg.

Step by step solution

01

Identifying the basis of reproduction

In sexual reproduction, the starting point is that organisms produce sex cells or gametes (sperm and egg cells) that carry only half of their basic chromosomes. Two gametes combine during fertilization to form a zygote which develops into a new individual.
02

Understanding meiosis

The process of meiosis produces these gametes. Meiosis involves two rounds of division, during which mixing of genetic material happens that results in four daughter cells, each with half the original number of chromosomes. Each of them is genetically unique because of the random distribution of parental chromosomes and the crossing-over of genetic material.
03

Highlighting the unique case

In the case of the Nine-banded armadillo, however, all four offspring are genetically identical. This suggests that instead of each offspring developing from a separate egg fertilized by a separate sperm, all four develop from the same fertilized egg.
04

Understanding of identical quadruplets

The one fertilized egg (zygote) then splits into two, and each of these splits again to produce four genetically identical zygotes. This is similar to what happens in identical twins, but the splitting process just comes more times.
05

The final explanation

This process is not understood fully, but it is thought to be influenced by the shape of the armadillo's uterus and the size and shape of the fertilized egg. But regardless of the causes, the process results in four genetically identical armadillos, each a clone of the others.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Why is it necessary for the chromosomes to condense during mitosis and meiosis? What do you think might happen if the chromosomes were not condensed?

The arrangement of homologs during metaphase of meiosis I is a random process. In your own words, explain what this means.

Explain why the products of meiosis may not be genetically identical, whereas the products of mitosis are.

Corn has 10 chromosomes per set, and the sporophyte of the species is diploid. If you performed a karyotype, what is the total number of chromosomes you would expect to see in each of the following types of cells? A. A leaf cell B. The sperm nucleus of a pollen grain C. An endosperm cell after fertilization D. A root cell

Identify the key events during meiosis that result in a \(50 \%\) reduction in the amount of genetic material per cell.
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