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Chapter 11: Problem 17

Draw a picture that illustrates how DNA helicase works.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The illustration will depict a segment of DNA being 'unzipped' by DNA helicase. The DNA before the helicase will be shown as a double helix, with the DNA after the helicase shown as two separate strands. This illustrates the process of DNA replication as helicase breaks the bonds between base pairs.

Step by step solution

01

Draw DNA Helix

Start by drawing a double helix which represents the DNA. Make sure to show the two strands of the helix and the rungs of the ladder that represent the base pairs bonded together.
02

Draw DNA Helicase and Broken Bonds

Indicate where the DNA helicase is attached on the DNA strand. Draw it unzipping the DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs. This can be represented by a fork-like separation at the point where DNA helicase is located.
03

Show Separated DNA Strands

After the point of the DNA helicase, draw the separated strands of the DNA that are 'unzipped'. This portrays the resulting replication fork with two single-stranded DNA ready to be replicated.
04

Highlight DNA Helicase

Finally, it may be helpful to highlight or label DNA helicase in the picture, to draw attention to it and ensure that its crucial role in the process is clear.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

As discussed in Chapter 18, some viruses contain RNA as their genetic material. Certain RNA viruses can exist as a provirus in which the viral genetic material has been inserted into the chromosomal DNA of the host cell. For this to happen, the viral RNA must be copied into a strand of DNA. An enzyme called reverse transcriptase, encoded by the viral genome, copies the viral RNA into a complementary strand of DNA. The strand of DNA is then used as a template to make a double-stranded DNA molecule. This doublestranded DNA molecule is then inserted into the chromosomal DNA, where it may exist as a provirus for a long period of time. A. How is the function of reverse transcriptase similar to the function of telomerase? B. Unlike DNA polymerase, reverse transcriptase does not have a proofreading function. How might this affect the proliferation of the virus?

Single-strand binding proteins keep the two parental strands of DNA separated from each other until DNA polymerase has an opportunity to replicate the strands. Suggest how single-strand binding proteins keep the strands separated and yet do not impede the ability of DNA polymerase to replicate the strands.

What is an Okazaki fragment? In which strand of replicating DNA are Okazaki fragments found? Based on the properties of DNA polymerase, why is it necessary to make these fragments?

What enzymatic features of DNA polymerase prevent it from replicating one of the DNA strands at the ends of linear chromosomes? Compared with DNA polymerase, how is telomerase different in its ability to synthesize a DNA strand? What does telomerase use as its template for the synthesis of a DNA strand? How does the use of this template result in a telomere sequence that is tandemly repetitive?

In eukaryotes, what is meant by the term DNA replication licensing? How does the process occur?
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