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Chapter 27: Q25CP (page 1024)

How does the ribosome verify correct tRNA鈥搈RNA pairing?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The ribosome verifies correct tRNA鈥搈RNA pairing by binding with GTP.

Step by step solution

01

tRNA-mRNA pairing

Transfer RNAs have three nucleotide sequence arms called the anticodon arm that has a sequence complementary to the codons present in mRNA, according to this complimentary sequence they carry amino acids to the ribosome.

02

Verification of RNA pairing

The binding of GTP to the ribosomeverifies correct tRNA鈥搈RNA pairingbecause it results in the hydrolysis of GTP, which push theanticodon ends of the two tRNA together with the mRNAs that are bounded to them, to move relative to the small ribosomal subunit to complete the elongation cycle. The positions occupied by the two tRNAs are:

  • peptidyl鈥搕RNA assumes the P/P state
  • deacylated tRNA assumes the E/E state

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Most popular questions from this chapter

An antibiotic named fixmycin, which you have isolated from a fungus growing on ripe passion fruit, is effective in curing several types of sexually transmitted diseases. In characterizing fixmycin鈥檚 mode of action, you have found that it is a bacterial translational inhibitor that binds exclusively to the large subunit of E. coli ribosomes. The initiation of protein synthesis in the presence of Fixmycin results in the generation of dipeptides that remain associated with the ribosome. Suggest a mechanism of fixmycin action.

Under conditions of nutrient starvation, bacteria produce a protein that binds to the 3鈥� end of 16S rRNA. What is the result of this interaction and why is it bene铿乧ial to the cell?

Explain the significance of the observation that peptides such as fMet-Leu-Phe "activate" the phagocytotic (particle-engulfing) functions of mammalian leukocytes (white blood cells).

How does the ribosome catalyze peptide bond formation?

Summarize the role of GTP hydrolysis in promoting the efficiency of translation initiation, decoding, translocation, and chain termination.
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