/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 7 (a) What are zygotic genes, and ... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 18: Problem 7

(a) What are zygotic genes, and when are their gene products made? (b) What is the phenotype associated with zygotic gene mutations? (c) Does the maternal genotype contain zygotic genes?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: Zygotic genes are genes that are expressed in the zygote, the initial cell formed during fertilization in sexually reproducing organisms. These genes are significant in embryonic development as they are crucial for proper cell division, tissue formation, and overall growth and development of the organism. Mutations in zygotic genes can lead to a variety of phenotypes, including developmental abnormalities or even lethality in the embryo.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding zygotic genes

Zygotic genes are genes that are expressed in the zygote, which is the initial cell formed when two individual gametes (sperm and egg cells) fuse during fertilization in sexually reproducing organisms. The gene products of zygotic genes are made during the development of the embryo when the zygote undergoes cell division and differentiation.
02

Phenotype associated with zygotic gene mutations

Zygotic gene mutations can lead to a variety of phenotypes depending on the specific gene involved and the effect of the mutation. Generally, these mutations can result in developmental abnormalities, malformations, or even lethality in the embryo. This is because zygotic genes are crucial for proper cell division, tissue formation, and overall growth and development of the organism.
03

Presence of zygotic genes in the maternal genotype

Yes, the maternal genotype contains zygotic genes. A genotype refers to the complete set of genes present in an organism, including both maternal and paternal genes. Zygotic genes are present in both parental genotypes, and they are contributed to the zygote during fertilization. However, the expression or activation of zygotic genes in the developing embryo occurs independent of the maternal genotype.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

(a) What are maternal-effect genes? (b) When are gene products from these genes made, and where are they located? (c) What aspects of development do maternal-effect genes control? (d) What is the phenotype of maternal-effect mutations?

Experiments have shown that any nuclei placed in the polar cytoplasm at the posterior pole of the Drosophila egg will differentiate into germ cells. If polar cytoplasm is transplanted into the anterior end of the egg just after fertilization, what will happen to nuclei that migrate into this cytoplasm at the anterior pole?

The identification and characterization of genes that control sex determination has been a focus of investigators working with \(C .\) elegans. As with Drosophila, sex in this organism is determined by the ratio of \(X\) chromosomes to sets of autosomes. A diploid wild-type male has one \(X\) chromosome and a diploid wild-type hermaphrodite has two X chromosomes. Many different mutations have been identified that affect sex determination. Loss- of-function mutations in a gene called her-1 cause an XO nematode to develop into a hermaphrodite and have no effect on \(\mathrm{XX}\) development. (That is, \(\mathrm{XX}\) nematodes are normal hermaphrodites.) In contrast, loss- offunction mutations in a gene called tra-I cause an XX nematode to develop into a male. Deduce the roles of these genes in wild-type sex determination from this information.

The floral homeotic genes of Arabidopsis belong to the MADSbox gene family, while in Drosophila, homeotic genes belong to the homeobox gene family. In both Arabidopsis and Drosophila, members of the Polycomb gene family control expression of these divergent homeotic genes. How do Polycomb genes control expression of two very different sets of homeotic genes?

Embryogenesis and oncogenesis (generation of cancer) share a number of features including cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell migration and invasion, formation of new blood vessels, and differential gene activity, Embryonic cells are relatively undifferentiated, and cancer cells appear to be undifferentiated or dedifferentiated. Homeotic gene expression directs early development, and mutant expression leads to loss of the differentiated state or an alternative cell identity. M. T. Lewis (2000. Breast Can. Res. \(2: 158-169\) ) suggested that breast cancer may be caused by the altered expression of homeotic genes. When he examined 11 such genes in cancers, 8 were underexpressed while 3 were overexpressed compared with controls. Given what you know about homeotic genes, could they be involved in oncogenesis?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Biology Textbooks

Responding to Change

Read Explanation

Biological Processes

Read Explanation

Ecology

Read Explanation

Genetic Information

Read Explanation

Energy Transfers

Read Explanation

Plant Biology

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.