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Chapter 25: Q25.4-2CC (page 542)

What factors promote adaptive radiations?

Short Answer

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The factors that promote adaptive radiation have new evolutionary traits, mass extinction, and new ecological opportunities.

Step by step solution

01

Evolutionary biology

Thescientific discipline of biologythat focuses on thediversity of lifeand traits which evolve adaptation in human beings in the natural environment is called evolutionary biology.

Various phenomena involved in evolutionary biology are speciation and evolution of aging, cooperation, and sexual reproduction. The evolution of ostriches and emus is an example of evolutionary biology.

02

Species diversification

The term species diversification represents a rate that determines theformation and extinction of speciesin a particular location.

The several processes of evolution include diversification within species (gene flow and gene mutation) and diversification between species (natural selection and genetic drift).

03

Adaptive radiation

In evolutionary biology,when multiple species evolve at a faster rate from their common ancestor and these species outspread into new environmental niches, it is called adaptive radiation.

Mass extinction (species dying out at a faster rate in a short time period), species migration to a new area for new ecological opportunities, and diversification of organisms to provide food sources are several factors promoting adaptive radiation.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

You can estimate quantitative data (fairly precisely) from a graph. The first step is to obtain a conversion factor by measuring along an axis that has a scale. In this case, 25 million years (my; from 60 to 35 million years ago (mya) on the x-axis) is represented by a distance of 7.0 cm. This yields a conversion factor (a ratio) of 25 my/7.0 cm = 3.6 my/cm. To estimate the time period represented by a horizontal bar on this graph, measure the length of that bar in centimeters and multiply that measurement by the conversion factor, 3.6 my/cm. For example, a bar that measures 1.1 cm on the graph represents a persistence time of 1.1 cm * 3.6 my/cm = 4 million years.

Which of the following steps has not yet been accomplished by scientists studying the origin of life?

(A) synthesis of small RNA polymers by ribozymes

(B) formation of molecular aggregates with selectively permeable membranes

(C) formation of protocells that use DNA to direct the polymerization of amino acids

(D) abiotic synthesis of organic molecules.

Fossilized stromatolites

(A) formed around deep-sea vents.

(B) resemble structures formed by bacterial communities that are found today in some shallow marine bays.

(C) provide evidence that plants moved onto land in the company of fungi around 500 million years ago.

(D) contain the first undisputed fossils of eukaryotes.

The first appearance of free oxygen in the atmosphere likely triggered a massive wave of extinctions among the prokaryotes of the time. Why?

Which factor most likely caused animals and plants in India to differ greatly from species in nearby southeast Asia?

(A) The species became separated by convergent evolution.

(B) The climates of the two regions are similar.

(C) India is in the process of separating from the rest of Asia.

(D) India was a separate continent until 45 million years ago.
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