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The greatest difference in health between two groups of plants of the same species, one group with mycorrhizae and one group without mycorrhizae, would be in an environment

(A) where nitrogen-fixing bacteria are abundant.

(B) that has soil with poor drainage.

(C) that has hot summers and cold winters.

(D) in which the soil is relatively deficient in mineral nutrients.

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. The option 鈥渨here nitrogen-fixing bacteria are abundant鈥 is false.

  2. The option 鈥渢hat has soil with poor drainage鈥 isfalse.

  3. The option 鈥渢hat has hot summers and cold winters鈥 is false.

  4. The option 鈥渋n which the soil is relatively deficient in mineral nutrients鈥 is true.

Step by step solution

01

Symbiosis in plants

Plants are autotrophic and obtain glucose directly from photosynthesis. However, many plants show symbiosis with microorganisms to get the nutrients. For example, mycorrhiza is the mutualism of plants and fungi. Rhizobacteria are present in the roots of legumes.

02

Explanation of option (A)

Mycorrhiza is the association present between fungi and plants. The hyphae of the fungi assist in absorbing nutrients and water by increasing the surface area.

Therefore, a group of plants with mycorrhiza and without mycorrhiza is not dependent on nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

Thus, the given option is false.

03

Explanation of option (B)

Plants that present in soil with poor drainage do not show symbiosis with fungi. Plants might die from the poor drainage in soil due to the rotting of the roots.

Therefore, no microorganism exhibits symbiosis with plants that are present in poor drainage due to unhealthy roots.

Thus, the given option is false.

04

Explanation of option (C)

The weather or climate does not entirely affect the symbiosis between plants and fungi. The reserved food of the plants is available for fungi, and they continue to help the roots in absorption.

Therefore, hot summers and cold winters cannot show the difference between plants with and without mycorrhiza.

Thus, the given option is false.

05

Explanation of option (D)

The plant with mycorrhiza association would be present in the environment with poor nutrients because hyphae of the fungus in the plants increase the efficiency of roots in absorbing nutrients from the soil.

Therefore, plants without mycorrhiza would be found in nutrient-rich environments.

Thus, the given option is true.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Micronutrients are needed in very small amounts because

(A) most of them are mobile in the plant.

(B) most serve mainly as cofactors of enzymes.

(C) most are supplied in large enough quantities in seeds.

(D) they play only a minor role in the growth and health of the plant.

The specific relationship between a legume and its mutualistic Rhizobium strain probably depends on

(A) each legume having a chemical dialogue with a fungus.

(B) each Rhizobium strain having a form of nitrogenase that works only in the appropriate legume host.

(C) each legume being found where the soil has only the Rhizobium specific to that legume.

(D) specific recognition between chemical signals and signal receptors of the Rhizobium strain and legume species.

A mineral deficiency is likely to affect older leaves more than younger leaves if

(A) the mineral is a micronutrient.

(B) the mineral is very mobile within the plant.

(C) the mineral is required for chlorophyll synthesis.

(D) the mineral is a macronutrient.

Imagine taking the plant out of the picture in Figure 37.12. Write a paragraph explaining how soil bacteria could sustain the recycling of nitrogen before land plants evolved.

Acid precipitation has an abnormally high concentration of hydrogen ions (H+). One effect of acid precipitation is to deplete the soil of nutrients such as calcium (Ca2+), potassium (K+), and magnesium (Mg2+). Suggest a hypothesis to explain how acid precipitation washes these nutrients from the soil. How might you test your hypothesis?

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