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In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin until

  1. the two DNA strands have completely separated and exposed the promoter.

  2. several transcription factors have bound to the promoter.

  3. the 5鈥檆aps are removed from the mRNA

  4. the DNA introns are removed from the mRNA.

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. The statement 鈥渢he two DNA strands have completely separated and exposed the promoter鈥 isfalse.

  2. The statement 鈥渟everal transcription factors have bound to the promoter鈥 istrue.

  3. The statement 鈥渢he 5鈥檆aps are removed from the mRNA鈥 is false.

  4. The statement 鈥渢he DNA introns are removed from the mRNA鈥 is false.

Step by step solution

01

Initiation of transcription in eukaryotic cells

Transcription in eukaryotes occurs in the cell nucleus. The transcription process begins when the transcription factors and polymerase enzymes bind to the gene's promoter region to be transcribed.

02

Explanation of option (A)

During transcription, the two strands of DNA separate, where one strand is used as a template for mRNA synthesis. The template strand contains the promoter to which transcription machinery must bind to initiate transcription.

Thus, exposing the promoter region in the DNA strand does not initiate transcription.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

03

Explanation of option (B)

Eukaryotic transcription begins when the transcription factors bind to the exposed promoter. The transcription factors then bind the appropriate RNA polymerase to the complex to initiate transcription.

Thus, transcription factors must bind to the promoter to initiate eukaryotic transcription.

Therefore, the given statement is true.

04

Explanation of option (C)

The transcription leads to the formation of mRNA molecules. The synthesized mRNA then undergoes RNA processing, where a 5鈥 cap is added to the mRNA molecule before it initiates translation.

Thus, 5鈥 cap is added to mRNA to initiate translation but not transcription.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

05

Explanation of option (D)

The non-coding regions of the DNA called introns present in the mRNA molecule are removed before translation begins.

Thus, the introns are removed from the mRNA to initiate translation and not transcription in eukaryotes.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Complete the following table:

Type of RNA

Functions

Messenger RNA(mRNA


Transfer RNA(tRNA)



A ribosome plays a structural role; as a ribozyme. Plays a catalytic role(catalyzed peptide bond formation)

Primary transcript


Small RNAs in the spliceosomes


Which of the following is not true of RNA processing?

  1. Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus.

  2. Nucleotides may be added at both ends of the RNA.

  3. Ribozymes may function in RNA splicing.

  4. RNA splicing can be catalyzed by spliceosomes.

How is RNA splicing similar to how you would watch a recorded television show? What would introns be?

Would the coupling of the processes shown in Figure 17.24 be found in a eukaryotic cell? Explain why or why not.

The height of a stack letters in a logo indicates the predictive power of the stack (determined statistically). If the stack is tall, we can be more confident in predicting what base will be in that position of a new sequence is added to the logo. For example, at position2 in the sequence alignment, all 10 sequences have a G: the probability of finding a G there in a new sequence is very high, as is the stack in the sequence logo. For short stacks, the bases all have about the same frequency, so it鈥檚 hard to predict would be at those positions. (a) Looking at the sequence logo, which two positions have the most predictable bases? What bases do you predict would be at those positions in a newly sequenced gene? (b) Which 12 positions have the least predictable bases? How do you know? How does this reflect the relative frequencies of the base shown at these positions in the sequence alignment? Use the two leftmost positions of the 12 as examples in your answer.

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