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Chapter 51: Q51-1TYU (page 1159)

Which of the following is true of innate behaviors?

(A) Their expression is only weakly influenced by genes.

(B) They occur with or without environmental stimuli.

(C) They are expressed in most individuals in a population.

(D) They occur in invertebrates and some vertebrates but not mammals.

Short Answer

Expert verified

  1. The statement 鈥渢heir expression is only weakly influenced by genes鈥� istrue.

  2. The statement 鈥渢hey occur with or without environmental stimuli鈥� isfalse.

  3. The statement 鈥渢hey are expressed in most individuals in a population鈥� is false.

  4. The statement 鈥渢hey occur in invertebrates and some vertebrates but not mammals鈥� is false.

Step by step solution

01

Animal behavior

All organisms react to their surrounding stimuli and interact with other organisms. This interaction is called animal behavior.

Animal behavior is shaped by natural selection and helps the organism to survive. The branch of biology that deals with the behavioral study of animals is known as ethology.

02

Explanation of option ‘(A)’

Innate refers to by birth. This behavior is developed in the organism through the influence of genes. The impact of the environment on innate behavior is minimal or none at all. Fixed action patterns in all organisms are examples of innate behavior.

Therefore, gene expressions slightly influence innate behavior, and it is pre-programmed in all animals.

Thus, the given statement is true.

03

Explanation of option ‘(B)’

Innate behavior develops without environmental stimuli. The genes influence innate behavior which is in-built in the organism.

Therefore, environmental stimuli in the occurrence of innate behavior are less.

Thus, the given statement is false.

04

Explanation of option ‘(C)’

Innate behavior is evident in all individuals. The ability to express, including reflexes, is an example of innate behavior. It is not limited to a certain population.

Therefore, the phrase 鈥渆xpressed in most individuals鈥� is not correct in innate behavior. It is expressed in all individuals in a population.

Thus, the given statement is false.

05

Explanation of option ‘(D)’

Innate behavior is expressed in all organisms, including mammals. For example, the sucking instincts of human infants is an innate behavior.

Therefore, innate behavior is also found in mammals.

Thus, the given statement is false.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

How might associative learning explain why different species of distasteful or stinging insects have similar colors?

Female spotted sandpipers aggressively court males and, after mating, leave the clutch of young for the male to incubate. This sequence may be repeated several times with different males until no available males remain, forcing the female to incubate her last clutch. Which of the following terms best describes this behavior?

(A) polygyny

(B) polyandry

(C) promiscuity

(D) certainty of paternity

You are considering two optimal foraging models for the behavior of a mussel-feeding shorebird, the oystercatcher. In model A, the energetic reward increases solely with mussel size. In model B, you take into consideration that larger mussels are more difficult to open. Draw a graph of reward (energy benefit on a scale of 0鈥�10) versus mussel length (scale of 0鈥�70 mm) for each model. Assume that mussels under 10 mm provide no benefit and are ignored by the birds. Also assume that mussels start becoming difficult to open when they reach 40 mm in length and impossible to open when 70 mm long. Considering the graphs you have drawn, indicate what observations and measurements you would want to make in this shorebird鈥檚 habitat to help determine which model is more accurate.

How might a learned behavior contribute to speciation? (See Concept 24.1.)

Which of the following is not required for a behavioral trait to evolve by natural selection?

(A) In each individual, the form of the behavior is determined entirely by genes.

(B) The behavior varies among individuals.

(C) An individual鈥檚 reproductive success depends in part on how the behavior is performed.

(D) Some component of the behavior is genetically inherited.
See all solutions

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