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Chapter 27: Problem 47

If a young child goes missing, predict why a bloodhound and not a poodle would be used to find the child. a. Bloodhounds were bred to have a better sense of smell, and thus have fewer olfactory receptors and larger olfactory epithelia. b. Bloodhounds were bred to have a better sense of smell, and thus have more olfactory receptors and larger olfactory epithelia. c. Bloodhounds were bred to have a better sense of smell, and thus have more olfactory receptors and smaller olfactory epithelia. d. Bloodhounds were bred to have a better sense of smell, and thus have more olfactory bulbs and larger olfactory receptors.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Option b: Bloodhounds have more olfactory receptors and larger olfactory epithelia.

Step by step solution

01

- Understand the Objective

Determine why a bloodhound is preferred over a poodle for locating a missing child.
02

- Identify Key Traits of Bloodhounds

Recognize that bloodhounds are specifically bred for their superior sense of smell.
03

- Analyze the Sense of Smell

A better sense of smell is linked to having more olfactory receptors and larger olfactory epithelia.
04

- Evaluate the Options

Consider each option provided: a. Bloodhounds having fewer olfactory receptors is incorrect.b. Bloodhounds having more olfactory receptors and larger olfactory epithelia is correct.c. Bloodhounds having smaller olfactory epithelia is incorrect.d. Bloodhounds having larger olfactory receptors is incorrect.
05

- Select the Correct Answer

Choose option b: Bloodhounds were bred to have a better sense of smell, and thus have more olfactory receptors and larger olfactory epithelia.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Olfactory Receptors
Olfactory receptors are specialized proteins located in the nose that detect odor molecules.
These receptors send signals to the brain to interpret different smells.
Bloodhounds have approximately 300 million olfactory receptors.
In comparison, humans only have around 5-6 million.
This vast number of receptors allows bloodhounds to distinguish and follow specific scents over long distances.
More olfactory receptors mean greater sensitivity to smells, which is why bloodhounds are so effective in search and rescue missions.
Olfactory Epithelia
The olfactory epithelia are tissues located inside the nasal cavity that hold the olfactory receptors.
Bloodhounds have much larger olfactory epithelia compared to other dog breeds.
This larger area allows them to house more olfactory receptors, increasing their ability to detect and differentiate between a vast array of scents.
The considerable size of the olfactory epithelium in bloodhounds significantly enhances their smell detection capabilities.
A larger olfactory epithelium provides more surface area to capture odor molecules, making bloodhounds exceptionally good at tracking.
Dog Breeding
Dog breeding has played a crucial role in enhancing the sense of smell in bloodhounds.
Over generations, bloodhounds have been selectively bred for their superior olfactory abilities.
This selective breeding ensures that traits like the large number of olfactory receptors and extensive olfactory epithelia are passed on to future generations.
The goal of breeding bloodhounds has been to create dogs that are excellent trackers with an extraordinary sense of smell.
This is why bloodhounds are typically chosen for search and rescue operations over other breeds like poodles, which have not been bred for this specific purpose.

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