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Chapter 27: Problem 22

In sound, pitch is measured in _____, and volume is measured in _____. a. decibels (dB), hertz (Hz) b. decibels (dB), nanometers (nm) c. nanometers (nm), decibels (dB) d. hertz (Hz), decibels (dB)

Short Answer

Expert verified
d. hertz (Hz), decibels (dB)

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Question

Identify what is being asked. The question is about the units of measurement for pitch and volume in sound.
02

Identify Units of Pitch

Pitch in sound is generally measured in frequency, which is measured in hertz (Hz).
03

Identify Units of Volume

Volume in sound is measured by its intensity or loudness, which is measured in decibels (dB).
04

Match the Units to the Choices

Look at the answer choices and match the correct units for pitch and volume. The correct combination is hertz (Hz) for pitch and decibels (dB) for volume.
05

Select the Correct Answer

From the provided choices, the correct answer that matches hertz (Hz) for pitch and decibels (dB) for volume is option d.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Understanding Pitch
Pitch refers to the perceived highness or lowness of a sound. It is determined by the frequency of the sound waves that reach our ears. The higher the frequency, the higher the pitch, and vice versa. Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz). For example, a sound wave vibrating at 440 Hz is identified as the note 'A' above middle C on a piano, commonly used for tuning instruments.
Defining Volume
Volume, or loudness, describes how powerful or intense a sound feels to our ears. It is measured using decibels (dB). A whisper might measure around 20 dB, while a normal conversation would be around 60 dB. Very loud sounds, like a rock concert or an airplane taking off, can exceed 100 dB. Volume is linked to the amplitude of the sound waves; the greater the amplitude, the louder the sound.
Understanding Hertz (Hz)
Hertz (Hz) is the unit used to measure the frequency of sound waves. One hertz equals one cycle (wave) per second. Higher numbers in hertz mean higher pitched sounds. Sounds that humans can typically hear range between 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. Frequencies below 20 Hz are called infrasound, while those above 20,000 Hz are known as ultrasound.
Understanding Decibels (dB)
Decibels (dB) are a logarithmic unit measuring the intensity of sound. The scale is logarithmic, meaning each increase of 10 dB represents a tenfold increase in sound intensity. This is why a small increase in dB can result in a significant increase in perceived loudness. For instance, an increase from 30 dB (quiet library) to 40 dB (quiet office) indicates a sound that is ten times more intense.

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