91Ó°ÊÓ

An experiment to measure the rate of respiration in mice at \(10^{\circ} C\) and \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) was performed using a respirometer, an apparatus that measures changes in gas volume. Respiration was measured in mL of \(O_{2}\) consumed per gram of organism over several five-minute trials, and the following data were obtained. $$\begin{array}{|c|c|}\hline \text { Organism } & {\text { Temperature \(\left(^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)\) }} & {\text { Average respiration \(\left(\mathrm{mL} 0_{2} / \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{min}\right)\) }} \\ \hline \text { Mouse } & {10} & {0.0518} \\ \hline \text { Mouse } & {25} & {0.0321} \\\ \hline\end{array}$$ According to these data, mice at 10°C demonstratedgreater oxygen consumption per gram of tissue than mice at \(25^{\circ} C.\) Which of the following statements best explains the observation? a. The mice at 10°C had a higher rate of ATP production than the mice at 25°C. b. The mice at 10°C had a lower metabolic rate than the mice at 25°C. c. The mice at 25°C weighed less than the mice at 10°C. d. The mice at 25°C were more active than the mice at 10°C.

Step by step solution

01

Interpret the Data Table

The table provides the data for the respiration rates of mice at two different temperatures: - At 10°C, the respiration rate is 0.0518 mL O₂/g/min - At 25°C, the respiration rate is 0.0321 mL O₂/g/min

02

Analyze the Respiration Rates

Notice that the respiration rate at 10°C is higher than at 25°C. This indicates that mice at 10°C consume more oxygen per gram of tissue per minute compared to mice at 25°C.

03

Relate Respiration Rate to Metabolic Rate

Higher respiration rates generally correlate with higher metabolic rates, as more oxygen consumption typically indicates more energy being produced and consumed.

04

Determine the Correct Statement

Evaluate the provided statements:(a) A higher rate of ATP production would correspond to higher metabolic activity, which fits the given data since the mice at 10°C show a higher respiration rate.(b) This is incorrect because a lower metabolic rate would correspond to a lower respiration rate.(c) This statement about weight does not address the metabolic rate or respiration rate.(d) Activity level isn't provided by the data but increased activity would usually result in higher oxygen consumption.

05

Conclusion

Based on the given data and analysis, the best explanation is statement (a), indicating that the mice at 10°C had a higher rate of ATP production.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

metabolic rate

In simple terms, the metabolic rate is the speed at which an organism's body turns food into energy. This process is crucial for maintaining life, as it provides the necessary energy for all bodily functions. When mice are placed in different temperatures, their bodies might require different amounts of energy to maintain their body heat and perform daily activities. Hence, metabolic rate can vary based on external conditions like temperature. In the experiment, higher oxygen consumption at a lower temperature of 10°C indicates that more energy is being used, correlating with a higher metabolic rate in mice under colder conditions. Metabolic rate can be visualized effectively in this context by observing the higher respiration rate at 10°C compared to 25°C, showing that mice need to produce more energy in colder environments.

temperature effects on respiration

Temperature has a significant impact on the respiration rate of organisms. In mice, like in many warm-blooded animals, respiration rate can change to regulate their body temperature. At lower temperatures, increased respiration facilitates greater heat production. In the context of the experiment:

• At 10°C, mice displayed a higher respiration rate of 0.0518 mL Oâ‚‚/g/min.
• At 25°C, the respiration rate was lower, at 0.0321 mL Oâ‚‚/g/min.

The increased respiration at the lower temperature shows that the mice are consuming more oxygen to generate enough heat and maintain their body temperature. On the other hand, at the higher temperature of 25°C, they don't need as much energy for heating their bodies, resulting in a lower respiration rate.

ATP production

ATP, or Adenosine Triphosphate, is the energy currency of the cell. It is produced through cellular respiration, which involves consuming oxygen and producing carbon dioxide as a byproduct. Every activity within an organism's body, from moving muscles to creating proteins, requires ATP. When mice were placed in colder temperatures (10°C), their cells needed to produce more ATP to generate additional heat. Consequently, the respiration process—where oxygen is used to produce ATP—must work harder and faster. This is why the experiment shows a higher respiration rate at 10°C. The connection between higher respiration rates and greater ATP production can be summarized as: at colder temperatures, there's an increased demand for energy, leading to elevated rates of both oxygen consumption and ATP production.

oxygen consumption measurement

Measuring oxygen consumption is a direct way to gauge an organism's metabolic activity. In the experiment, a respirometer was used to measure how much oxygen the mice consumed. This tool helps in assessing changes in gas volume, giving insights into the respiration rate. The data collected showed:

• At 10°C, the oxygen consumption was 0.0518 mL Oâ‚‚/g/min.
• At 25°C, it was 0.0321 mL Oâ‚‚/g/min.

This higher oxygen consumption at the lower temperature indicates that the mice's cells were working harder to produce the necessary energy (ATP). By monitoring oxygen levels, scientists can understand how different conditions affect metabolism and energy production in organisms. This technique is crucial for studies involving metabolic rates and can reveal a lot about the organism's physiological adaptations to different environments.