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Chapter 23: Problem 55

Green bananas or unripe avocadoes can be kept in a brown bag to ripen faster. What hormone is involved? a. cytokinin b. abscisic acid c. ethylene d. gibberellic acid

Short Answer

Expert verified
c. ethylene

Step by step solution

01

Identify Plant Hormones

Understand what each hormone does: - Cytokinin: Promotes cell division.- Abscisic Acid: Inhibits growth and promotes dormancy.- Ethylene: Promotes ripening of fruits.- Gibberellic Acid: Promotes growth and elongation of cells.
02

Determine the Hormone Involved in Ripening

Recall that the hormone responsible for the ripening of fruits is ethylene. Brown bags trap ethylene gas, which speeds up the ripening process.
03

Choose the Correct Option

Based on the analysis, the correct answer is 'c. ethylene'.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Ethylene
Ethylene is a naturally occurring plant hormone that plays a crucial role in various stages of the plant lifecycle. One of its most well-known functions is to promote the ripening of fruits. This hormone exists as a gas and can diffuse through the plant tissues, influencing different parts of the plant.
Some key points to know about ethylene:
  • It is produced by most fruits and vegetables during ripening.
  • Ethylene can affect seed germination, flower opening, and leaf abscission (shedding of leaves).

In commercial agriculture, ethylene is often used to control the ripening process of fruits. By understanding and manipulating ethylene levels, growers can better manage the timing of fruit ripening to meet market demands.
Fruit Ripening
Fruit ripening is a complex process that involves various physiological and biochemical changes. These changes are typically regulated by ethylene.
During ripening:
  • The fruit becomes softer due to the breakdown of cell walls.
  • Sugars accumulate, making the fruit sweeter.
  • There is a change in color, often from green to yellow or red, due to the degradation of chlorophyll and the formation of other pigments.
  • Aroma compounds are produced, giving the ripe fruit its characteristic smell.

Using a brown bag to trap ethylene gas is a simple method to speed up the ripening process at home. This is because the enclosed environment helps concentrate the ethylene around the fruit, accelerating its effects.
Plant Growth Regulators
Plant growth regulators, also known as plant hormones, are chemicals that influence the growth and development of plants. They can be divided into several categories based on their functions:
  • Auxins: Promote cell elongation and are involved in phototropism (how plants grow towards light).
  • Cytokinins: Promote cell division and delay aging in leaves.
  • Gibberellins: Promote stem elongation, seed germination, and flowering.
  • Abscisic Acid: Inhibits growth and induces dormancy, helping plants survive harsh conditions.
  • Ethylene: Influences fruit ripening, flower wilting, and leaf fall.

Understanding these hormones can help in various agricultural practices, from increasing crop yields to improving the quality of the produce. Each hormone plays a unique role, and they often work in conjunction to regulate the plant's lifecycle efficiently.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Many forms of modified organs exist in plants. What is a rhizome? a. an underground stem with fleshy leaves modified for food storage as in onions b. a solid, underground stem covered with scales formed by some plants such as crocuses c. an aboveground stem with buds as seen in strawberry plants d. a modified horizontal stem that grows underground as seen in irises

Why do plants that cannot detect gravity show stunted growth with tangled roots and trailing stems? a. Without gravitropism, both roots and seedlings would grow upward. b. Without gravitropism, roots would grow in all directions and seedlings would grow upward. c. Without gravitropism, roots would grow upward but seedlings would not grow upward toward the surface. d. Without gravitropism, roots would grow in all directions but seedlings would not grow upward toward the surface.

Besides the age of a tree, what additional information can annual rings reveal? a. Annual rings can also indicate the height of the tree. b. Annual rings can also indicate the climatic conditions that prevailed during each growing season. c. Annual rings can also indicate in which season the tree was sown. d. Annual rings can also give an estimation of how long a particular tree is going to live.

Modified organs are part of survival strategies of plants. Which of these plants has a flattened, photosynthetic stem that could be mistaken for a leaf? a. fern b. cactus c. potato d. iris

A plant biologist is examining sections of plant tissue under the microscope. The slides are not labeled and the biologist is interested in simple tissues. Which of the following slides is a sample of a simple tissue? a. cells dividing rapidly in a stem b. root cambium showing different types of cells c. parenchyma showing only one type of cell d. leaf displaying the vascular bundle where diverse types of cells are involved in transport
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