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Chapter 23: Problem 21

Many forms of modified organs exist in plants. What is a rhizome? a. an underground stem with fleshy leaves modified for food storage as in onions b. a solid, underground stem covered with scales formed by some plants such as crocuses c. an aboveground stem with buds as seen in strawberry plants d. a modified horizontal stem that grows underground as seen in irises

Short Answer

Expert verified
Option d: A modified horizontal stem that grows underground as seen in irises.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Question

Identify the definition of 'rhizome' and evaluate the provided options to find the correct one.
02

Option Analysis: Option a

Option a describes an underground stem with fleshy leaves modified for food storage, as in onions. This is actually a description of a bulb, not a rhizome.
03

Option Analysis: Option b

Option b refers to a solid, underground stem covered with scales, as seen in crocuses. This describes a corm, not a rhizome.
04

Option Analysis: Option c

Option c talks about an aboveground stem with buds, as seen in strawberry plants. This is known as a stolon, not a rhizome.
05

Option Analysis: Option d

Option d defines a modified horizontal stem that grows underground, commonly seen in irises. This matches the definition of a rhizome.
06

Conclusion

After analyzing all the options, option d is identified as the correct definition of a rhizome.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

underground stem
In the plant world, an underground stem is a remarkable adaptation that helps plants survive in various conditions. Unlike the visible stems we often see above ground, underground stems grow beneath the soil. This adaptation allows plants to store nutrients and water, giving them a survival advantage during harsh weather. There are different types of underground stems, including:
  • **Rhizomes:** These are horizontal stems that grow just below the surface. Plants like irises use rhizomes to spread and colonize new areas.
  • **Bulbs:** These are short stems with fleshy leaves, commonly seen in onions. They store food for the plant.
  • **Corms:** Solid stems that store nutrients, often surrounded by scale-like leaves, as seen in crocuses.
  • **Tubers:** Underground storage organs like potatoes, rich in starches and nutrients.
Understanding underground stems helps us appreciate the diverse strategies plants use to thrive and reproduce.
plant modifications
Plants often modify their organs to adapt to their environments, ensuring their survival and reproduction. Plant modifications can help with food storage, reproduction, and protection. Here are some common plant modifications:
  • **Leaves:** Succulents like aloe vera have thick, fleshy leaves that store water.
  • **Stems:** Stems can be modified into thorns for protection, as seen in roses.
  • **Roots:** Some plants, like carrots, have taproots that store food.
  • **Flowers:** Modified to attract pollinators; they can have bright colors and strong scents.
Such modifications are not random. They are carefully evolved traits that enhance a plant's ability to survive in its specific habitat. For example, cacti have spines instead of leaves to reduce water loss and protect from herbivores.
plant morphology
Plant morphology is the study of the physical form and structure of plants. It focuses on the shape, size, and structure of plant organs including stems, leaves, roots, and flowers. Morphology allows scientists and gardeners to identify, classify, and understand plants better. Key aspects of plant morphology include:
  • **Stems:** Can be aerial or underground, each type fulfilling different roles in the plant's life cycle.
  • **Leaves:** Vary in shape and size, adapted for photosynthesis. Varied leaf shapes and arrangements can offer clues to a plant's identity.
  • **Roots:** Range from fibrous roots to deep taproots, playing vital roles in water and nutrient absorption.
  • **Flowers:** Diverse in structure, designed for reproduction; their patterns help in identifying plant species.
By studying plant morphology, we learn how plants are structured and how they adapt to their environments for survival and reproduction. This knowledge is crucial for fields like botany, agriculture, and horticulture.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Plants have many light responses, including photosynthesis, photoperiodism, and phototropism (growing toward a light source). Specific wavelengths of light absorbed by different photoreceptors trigger responses. This table shows some of the most common photoreceptors and pigments and the major regions of the spectrum in which they are active. Research shows that plants bend toward blue light. Even mutant plants that lack carotenoids will bend toward blue light. The photoreceptor is likely _____. a. phytochrome b. chlorophyll c. phototropin d. carotenoids

How do the locations and the functions of the three types of meristematic tissues compare? a. Apical meristems found in the tip of stems and roots promote growth by elongation; lateral meristems found at nodes and bases of leaf blades promote increase in length and intercalary meristems found in the vascular and cork cambia promote increase in girth. b. Apical meristems found at nodes and bases of leaf blades promote growth by elongation; lateral meristems found in the vascular and cork cambia promote increase in girth and intercalary meristems found in the tip of stems and roots promote increase in length. c. Apical meristems found in the tip of stems and roots promote growth by elongation; lateral meristems found in the vascular and cork cambia promote increase in girth and intercalary meristems found at nodes and bases of leaf blades promote increase in length. d. Apical meristems found in the tip of stems and roots promote growth by elongation; lateral meristems found in the vascular and cork cambia promote increase in length and intercalary meristems found at nodes and bases of leaf blades promote increase in length.

Students are asked to sort tissue slides into simple and complex tissues. How should they recognize a complex tissue through the microscope? a. Complex tissue has a variety of cell types that fulfill different functions. b. Only complex tissue is observed in adult plants. c. Complex tissue appears only in lateral roots and branches. d. Complex tissues contain cells that are strikingly different in appearance but perform the same function.

Which region of a plant is most likely to contribute to an increase in its length? a. tip of leaves b. dermal layer c. vascular bundles d. tip of the root

Samples of leaves from monocots and dicots are piled on the table in a laboratory and students are sorting the leaves. What information will help them know which leaves to identify as monocots? a. Bulliform cells are usually absent from monocots whereas they are present on the upper epidermis of dicot leaves. b. Monocots have leaves with parallel venation and dicot leaves have reticulate, net-like venation. c. Dorsiventral symmetry is observed in monocot leaves whereas isobilateral symmetry is observed in dicot leaves. d. Monocots have leaves with reticulate, net-like venation and dicot leaves have parallel venation.
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