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Chapter 15: Q. 10 (page 391)
Which feature of promoters can be found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes? a. GC box b. TATA box c. octamer box d. -10 and -35 sequences
Option b is correct.
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Which event contradicts the central dogma of molecular biology?
a. Poly-A polymerase enzymes process mRNA in the nucleus.
b. Endonuclease enzymes splice out and repair damaged DNA.
c. Scientists use reverse transcriptase enzymes to make DNA from RNA.
d. Codons specifying amino acids are degenerate and universal.
A scientist observes that a cell has an RNA polymerase deficiency that prevents it from making proteins. Describe three additional observations that would together support the conclusion that a defect in RNA polymerase I activity, and not problems with the other polymerases, causes the defect.
Imagine if there were 200 commonly occurring amino acids instead of 20. Given what you know about the genetic code, what would be the shortest possible codon length? Explain.
Many antibiotics inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. For example, tetracycline blocks the A site on the bacterial ribosome, and chloramphenicol blocks peptidyl transfer. What specific effect would you expect each of these antibiotics to have on protein synthesis?
Tetracycline would directly affect:
a. tRNA binding to the ribosome
b. ribosome assembly
c. growth of the protein chain
Chloramphenicol would directly affect
a. tRNA binding to the ribosome
b. ribosome assembly
c. growth of the protein chain
In your own words, describe the difference between rho dependent and rho-independent termination of transcription in prokaryotes.
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