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The template strand is the one used by RNA polymerase to construct the RNA. This strand is also known as the antisense or non-coding strand.

The non-template strand has the same RNA sequence as the template strand (except for the substituion of U for T). This strand is often referred to as the coding or sensing strand.

RNA polymerase performs DNA transcription, which is the process of copying information from a DNA strand to mRNA for further translation. Genetic information is converted from DNA to mRNA and then to amino acids, which are then converted to protein, using these two steps.

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid), which carries genetic information, is not the same as RNA (ribonucleic acid) (Ribonucleic acid). The nitrogenous bases adenine, cytosine, and guanine are found in both DNA and RNA, however DNA differs from RNA when it comes to the fourth nitrogenous base. The fourth nitrogenous base in DNA is thymine, which also contains deoxyribose sugar, but the fourth nitrogenous base in RNA is uracil, which also contains ribose sugar.

The RNA polymerase enzyme, which is complementary to the DNA template, creates the mRNA strand. The transcription initiation complex, which is made up of transcription factors and RNA polymerase, kicks off mRNA synthesis by matching complimentary nucleotides to the DNA template. RNA polymerase copies information from the template strand to the coding strand, replacing C with G, G with C, A with U, and T with A.

Transcription factors and RNA polymerase must find complementary base pairs to begin transcription. For transcribing sequence, RNA polymerase must recognize complementary base pairs on the template strand of DNA.

As a result, the base sequence of mRNA and the non-template strand of DNA can never be the same.